俄罗斯雅库茨克地区寒区地下水特征分析
发布时间：2019-02-16 06:50
【摘要】：寒区是我国重要的地理分区之一,我国一半的领土面积都可以划入寒区。在俄罗斯冻土面积占陆地面积的65%,而划入寒区的范畴则要更大。寒区地下水根据其水层位置与多年冻土层位置的关系分为冻结层上水、冻结层中水、冻结层下水。其中,冻结层上水由于距离地表最近,受到地表径流、气侯、人类活动的影响最大。雅库茨克位于俄罗斯西伯利亚东北部近北极之地,是世界上坐落在多年冻土上最大的城市。本文对该地区地下水特征进行分析,分析得到一些结果,并得出萨哈共和国水文地质图、萨哈共和国地下水资源图和萨哈共和国地热图三张图。本文同时还阐述了多年冻土地区城市在日益发展的过程中,由于人类活动对地下水的不合理使用,所带来的诸多问题,城市土壤盐渍化、沼泽化、城市内涝、冻土退化,及其对城市建设与发展产生的影响。提出根据多年冻土水分迁移的特性,冻结层上水形成、变化规律,建议在城市区域建立科学、有效的综合排水系统,来解决寒区城市所面临的问题。
[Abstract]:Cold region is one of the important geographical zones in our country. Half of our territory can be divided into cold area. In Russia, permafrost accounts for 65% of the land area, while the area that is classified into the cold zone is even larger. According to the relationship between the water layer position and the permafrost position, groundwater in cold region can be divided into three parts: water in frozen layer, water in frozen layer and water in frozen layer. Among them, the water in the frozen layer is the most affected by surface runoff, climate and human activities due to its closest distance from the surface. Yakutsk is the largest city in the world on permafrost in northeast Siberia near the Arctic. In this paper, the characteristics of groundwater in this area are analyzed, some results are obtained, and three maps of hydrogeological map, groundwater resources map and geothermal map of Saha Republic are obtained. At the same time, in the process of development of cities in permafrost regions, many problems caused by the irrational use of groundwater by human activities, such as salinization of urban soil, marshalling, urban waterlogging, and degradation of frozen soil, are also described in this paper. And its impact on urban construction and development. According to the characteristics of water migration in permafrost, the formation and variation of water in frozen layer are proposed. It is suggested that a scientific and effective comprehensive drainage system should be established in urban areas to solve the problems faced by cities in cold regions.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641
本文编号：2424159
[Abstract]:Cold region is one of the important geographical zones in our country. Half of our territory can be divided into cold area. In Russia, permafrost accounts for 65% of the land area, while the area that is classified into the cold zone is even larger. According to the relationship between the water layer position and the permafrost position, groundwater in cold region can be divided into three parts: water in frozen layer, water in frozen layer and water in frozen layer. Among them, the water in the frozen layer is the most affected by surface runoff, climate and human activities due to its closest distance from the surface. Yakutsk is the largest city in the world on permafrost in northeast Siberia near the Arctic. In this paper, the characteristics of groundwater in this area are analyzed, some results are obtained, and three maps of hydrogeological map, groundwater resources map and geothermal map of Saha Republic are obtained. At the same time, in the process of development of cities in permafrost regions, many problems caused by the irrational use of groundwater by human activities, such as salinization of urban soil, marshalling, urban waterlogging, and degradation of frozen soil, are also described in this paper. And its impact on urban construction and development. According to the characteristics of water migration in permafrost, the formation and variation of water in frozen layer are proposed. It is suggested that a scientific and effective comprehensive drainage system should be established in urban areas to solve the problems faced by cities in cold regions.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 程彦培;张发旺;黄志兴;何静;董华;牛磊;;亚洲地下水资源与环境地质系列图的编制[J];测绘通报;2010年09期
2 祁福利;陈佳音;杨湘奎;张峰龙;郭洪彬;;寒区地下水区域规律研究[J];黑龙江水专学报;2008年04期
，本文编号：2424159
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