川东典型页岩气藏储层孔缝表征

发布时间：2019-02-22 09:11

【摘要】：页岩气是一种非常重要的非常规天然气资源,它的成藏和产出机理与页岩储层的孔隙结构和裂缝密切相关。页岩的储渗空间以孔隙和裂缝为主,其微观孔隙结构和裂缝分布非常复杂,而认识页岩的孔缝是页岩气开发的关键,如何运用微观和宏观不同方法来定性描述与定量表征页岩孔缝对我们正确认识页岩孔缝具有重要的意义。本文以川东典型页岩气藏储集空间为研究对象,通过微观方法、岩心描述、地球物理技术和三维孔缝相建模表征认识了川东页岩储层的孔缝特征。取得的主要成果和认识如下： (1)分析了其矿物组成、有机质含量和有机质成熟度等因素,测定了孔隙度、渗透率等微观结构的宏观反映参数。页岩矿物组成以石英、黏土矿物为主,伊利石与伊／蒙间层矿物是主要的黏土矿物类型,黏土矿物平均含量为39%,石英含量50%左右,有机质含量为2.42%,有机质成熟度为Ro=2.5%±。页岩不同层段的岩石特征差异比较大,导致了页岩储层中孔隙度、渗透率的不同。 (2)通过微观孔隙分析技术,利用岩石薄片分析、电子显微镜成像、CT扫描成像和压汞法分析了页岩微观孔隙形貌和孔径分布,概括其微观孔隙类型主要包括了有机孔、无机孔和微裂缝,其中主要以有机质孔和无机孔中的黏土矿物晶间孔为主,也是储集空间最重要的组成部分,并分析了各类微孔隙成因、形态分布以及影响因素。 (3)对3口页岩井进行岩心描述识别了页岩裂缝的产状,包括了裂缝长度、宽度、倾角、充填物质和充填程度等,运用成像测井在井下识别了页岩储层的裂缝,利用地震检测技术对页岩储层进行了裂缝分布预测,分析了其宏观裂缝类型和分布特征以及控制因素,把裂缝分为构造缝和非构造缝,构造缝受构造应力控制,非构造缝受沉积成岩作用影响,研究区域上部以构造缝为主,下部以层理缝为主。 (4)在岩心资料和测井资料的基础上,绘制出井剖面图,根据裂缝不同的产状把储层划分为不同的储渗孔缝相,通过井震结合技术预测了储层各小层裂缝的平面分布特征,最终在petrel孔缝相建模中展示了储层裂缝在三维空间的分布。
[Abstract]:Shale gas is a very important unconventional natural gas resource. Its reservoir formation and production mechanism are closely related to the pore structure and fracture of shale reservoir. The pore structure and fracture distribution are very complicated in the pore structure and fracture distribution of shale, and the key to shale gas development is to recognize the pore fracture of shale. It is of great significance for us to understand shale pore fractures correctly how to describe them qualitatively and quantitatively by using different microscopic and macroscopic methods. In this paper, the reservoir space of typical shale gas reservoirs in East Sichuan Province is taken as the research object. Through microscopic method, core description, geophysical technique and 3D pore facies modeling characterization, the pore and fracture characteristics of shale reservoir in East Sichuan are recognized. The main achievements and understandings are as follows: (1) the factors of mineral composition, organic matter content and maturity of organic matter are analyzed, and the macroscopic reflection parameters such as porosity and permeability are measured. The mineral composition of shale is mainly composed of quartz and clay minerals. Illite and Illite / interlayer minerals are the main types of clay minerals. The average content of clay minerals is 39, the content of quartz is about 50%, and the content of organic matter is 2.42%. The maturity of organic matter is Ro=2.5% 卤. The difference of rock characteristics in different formations of shale leads to the difference of porosity and permeability in shale reservoir. (2) the micropore morphology and pore size distribution of shale were analyzed by micropore analysis technique, rock slice analysis, electron microscope imaging, CT scanning imaging and mercury injection method. Inorganic pores and microcracks are mainly composed of intergranular pores of clay minerals in organic and inorganic pores, which are also the most important components of reservoir space. The origin, morphology distribution and influencing factors of various micropores are analyzed. (3) the core description of three shale wells identifies the occurrence of shale fractures, including fracture length, width, inclination, filling material and filling degree, etc. In this paper, the fracture distribution of shale reservoir is predicted by using seismic detection technology, and its macroscopic fracture types and distribution characteristics and controlling factors are analyzed. The fractures are divided into structural fractures and non-structural fractures, which are controlled by tectonic stress. Non-structural fractures are influenced by sedimentary diagenesis. The upper part of the study area is dominated by structural fractures and the lower part by bedded fractures. (4) on the basis of core data and logging data, the well profile is drawn, the reservoir is divided into different reservoir and permeability pore facies according to the different occurrence of fractures, and the plane distribution characteristics of fractures in each small layer of reservoir are predicted by combining well and earthquake technology. Finally, the distribution of reservoir fractures in three-dimensional space is demonstrated in petrel pore phase modeling.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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