基于D-InSAR技术的济宁地区地面沉降监测研究

发布时间：2019-05-07 08:49

【摘要】：InSAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry,合成孔径雷达干涉测量)以及D-InSAR(Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar,合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量)技术作为新兴微波遥感技术,近年来发展势头迅速,它的观测具有全天候、覆盖面广、高度自动化、全天时、及高精度监测地表变形等优点。并且在这些优点的基础上,仍有着提升优化的巨大潜力空间。当基于差分干涉原理的D-InSAR技术应用于地面形变的监测,即可以获取地表分辨单元发生的微小形变,在理论数值可以精确到毫米。济宁地区随着矿产资源、地下水资源的大量开发,以及其它自然原因,地面沉降问题日益严重,地面沉降的精确监测已经成为该地区一个亟待解决的问题。从研究区域上,多为对单一县城,或者某一煤矿进行沉降分析,对济宁地区整体区域沉降概况的监测较少。另外,随着SAR影像的分辨率和精度已经达到一定水准,SAR数据处理的方式仍需要进一步在影像处理实践中进行比较和改进。本文将济宁地区选为研究区域,对济宁地区的地面沉降进行详细的监测和研究,选取研究区内的8景ALOS数据,采用D-InSAR技术中的二轨法流程进行差分干涉处理,经过干涉图生成、干涉图滤波、相位解缠、轨道精炼与重去平和地理编码等步骤,生成区域形变图,再由ArcGIS处理获得济宁地区地面形变量监测图。根据最终结果分析济宁市地面沉降程度及变化趋势,并将济宁地区地面沉降的分布情况,与济宁地区矿产资源分布情况,地下水开采情况等进行对照,并以任城区为例进行详细分析。结果证明,实验数据中沉降多发地带的分布,与矿产、地下水重度开采地区基本吻合。根据分析的结果可知,目前D-InSAR技术对于济宁地区地面沉降的监测有着较高的应用价值,是最好的监测手段之一。
[Abstract]:As a new microwave remote sensing technology, InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, (synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) and D-InSAR (Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar, (synthetic Aperture Radar differential Interferometry) are developing rapidly in recent years. Wide coverage, highly automated, all-day, and high-precision monitoring of surface deformation and other advantages. And on the basis of these advantages, there is still a huge potential space to improve optimization. When the D-InSAR technique based on the principle of differential interferometry is applied to the monitoring of ground deformation, the micro deformation of the surface resolution unit can be obtained, and the theoretical value can be up to mm. With the development of mineral resources, underground water resources and other natural reasons in Jining area, the problem of land subsidence is becoming more and more serious, and the precise monitoring of land subsidence has become an urgent problem to be solved in this area. As far as the research area is concerned, the settlement analysis of a single county or a certain coal mine is mostly carried out, and the monitoring of the overall regional settlement of Jining area is less. In addition, as the resolution and accuracy of SAR images have reached a certain level, the way of SAR data processing still needs to be compared and improved in the practice of image processing. In this paper, Jining area is selected as the research area, the land subsidence in Jining area is monitored and studied in detail, the 8-scene ALOS data in the study area are selected, and the two-track method flow of D-InSAR technology is used to deal with the differential interference. After the steps of interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, phase unwrapping, orbit refining and re-desorbing and geocoding, the regional deformation map is generated, and then the monitoring map of ground deformation in Jining area is obtained by ArcGIS processing. According to the final results, the degree and trend of land subsidence in Jining city are analyzed, and the distribution of land subsidence in Jining area is compared with the distribution of mineral resources and groundwater exploitation in Jining area. And take Rencheng District as an example to carry on the detailed analysis. The results show that the distribution of the subsidence-prone zones in the experimental data is basically consistent with the heavy mining areas of mineral resources and groundwater. According to the results of the analysis, the present D-InSAR technology has high application value in monitoring land subsidence in Jining area, and it is one of the best monitoring methods.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.26

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