岩石圈中的降压作用及其相变过程
发布时间：2019-05-08 20:59
【摘要】：岩石圈中许多地质过程,都曾经历过降压作用。岩石圈中的压力是一个极为重要的参数,压力的降低将改变地质作用过程的其他物理化学性质,包括导致相变。通过岩石圈中降压过程性质和机制的研究,重点探讨降压所引起的相变及其地质意义,试图从新的研究角度提出一些认识和思路。(1)降压是岩石圈中许多地质作用发生的必要条件,降压的性质不同对应不同的地质现象。(2)岩石圈物质的相变线(含两端点)及邻区的物理化学行为突变有重要研究价值。降压可导致岩石圈中的水发生一、二级相变,影响着热液成矿和油气成藏,是"构造降压-水相变耦合成矿(藏)"新模式的理论核心。降压导致岩石圈中固体熔融相变,是岩浆形成的必要条件,降压性质差异决定着岩浆岩的种类和结构。降压过程中,矿物组合随之调整,因各种矿物的相变线不同,矿物变形行为表现各异,地压梯度明显降低,影响超高压变质作用和变形、岩石圈减薄等的解释。(3)降压通常是岩石圈局部升温和聚集水的前提。岩石圈中若没有降压,就不会出现明显升温和聚集水的现象。
[Abstract]:Many geological processes in the lithosphere have experienced hypotension. The pressure in the lithosphere is a very important parameter, and the decrease of the pressure will change the other physicochemical properties of the geological process, including the formation of phase change. Based on the study of the properties and mechanism of the depressurization process in the lithosphere, the phase change caused by the depressurization and its geological significance are emphatically discussed. This paper attempts to put forward some understandings and ideas from a new point of view. (1) the hypotension is a necessary condition for many geological processes in the lithosphere. The properties of depressurization correspond to different geological phenomena. (2) the phase transition lines (including two end points) of lithosphere materials and the abrupt changes of physical and chemical behaviors in adjacent areas are of great value in the study. The depressurization can lead to the first-order and second-order phase transition of water in the lithosphere, which affects hydrothermal mineralization and oil-gas accumulation, and is the theoretical core of the new model of "structural depressurization-water phase transformation coupling mineralization (reservoir)". It is necessary for magma formation to cause solid melting phase transformation in lithosphere due to depressurization, and the difference of depressurization properties determines the type and structure of magmatic rocks. In the process of depressing pressure, the mineral assemblage is adjusted. Due to the different phase transition lines of various minerals, the deformation behavior of minerals is different, and the ground pressure gradient is obviously reduced, which affects the metamorphism and deformation of ultra-high pressure. Lithosphere thinning, etc. (3) depressurization is usually the premise of local warming and water accumulation in the lithosphere. If there is no pressure reduction in the lithosphere, there will be no obvious warming and accumulation of water.
【作者单位】： 东华理工大学放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室;内蒙古赤峰地质矿产勘查开发院;中国地质科学院地质力学研究所;中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院;核工业北京地质研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41472069,41172078,40862005) 江西省自然科学基金重大项目(20152ACB20015) 国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目(2012AA061504) 国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2012CB723101) 科学技术部国际合作项目(2011DFR60830)
【分类号】：P313
[Abstract]:Many geological processes in the lithosphere have experienced hypotension. The pressure in the lithosphere is a very important parameter, and the decrease of the pressure will change the other physicochemical properties of the geological process, including the formation of phase change. Based on the study of the properties and mechanism of the depressurization process in the lithosphere, the phase change caused by the depressurization and its geological significance are emphatically discussed. This paper attempts to put forward some understandings and ideas from a new point of view. (1) the hypotension is a necessary condition for many geological processes in the lithosphere. The properties of depressurization correspond to different geological phenomena. (2) the phase transition lines (including two end points) of lithosphere materials and the abrupt changes of physical and chemical behaviors in adjacent areas are of great value in the study. The depressurization can lead to the first-order and second-order phase transition of water in the lithosphere, which affects hydrothermal mineralization and oil-gas accumulation, and is the theoretical core of the new model of "structural depressurization-water phase transformation coupling mineralization (reservoir)". It is necessary for magma formation to cause solid melting phase transformation in lithosphere due to depressurization, and the difference of depressurization properties determines the type and structure of magmatic rocks. In the process of depressing pressure, the mineral assemblage is adjusted. Due to the different phase transition lines of various minerals, the deformation behavior of minerals is different, and the ground pressure gradient is obviously reduced, which affects the metamorphism and deformation of ultra-high pressure. Lithosphere thinning, etc. (3) depressurization is usually the premise of local warming and water accumulation in the lithosphere. If there is no pressure reduction in the lithosphere, there will be no obvious warming and accumulation of water.
【作者单位】： 东华理工大学放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室;内蒙古赤峰地质矿产勘查开发院;中国地质科学院地质力学研究所;中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院;核工业北京地质研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41472069,41172078,40862005) 江西省自然科学基金重大项目(20152ACB20015) 国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目(2012AA061504) 国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2012CB723101) 科学技术部国际合作项目(2011DFR60830)
【分类号】：P313
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