云南易门铜厂矿床三维地质建模及资源储量估算

发布时间：2019-05-16 17:23

【摘要】：矿床的三维地质建模在国内虽起步较晚,但随着三维矿业软件和地质统计学软件系统的逐渐发展和完善,其在矿业领域得到广泛应用,并已成为现代数字矿山研究与建设的重要内容。同时,利用三维地质建模成果,深入研究矿床尺度的矿化富集规律,也是当前矿床学研究的新方向。本文以云南易门县铜厂铜矿床为研究对象,通过全面收集矿区地质资料和系统开展矿床地质调查,在查明矿区成矿地质条件、矿化类型及其空间分布规律的基础上,应用矿床三维可视化理论与技术,并基于DIMINE三维矿业软件,开展矿区地质数据库、三维地质模型和Cu品位变异函数模型研究。通过块段模型和品位估值模型的构建,选用普通克里格法及距离幂次反比法,对矿床的资源储量重新进行估算。主要取得成果的如下：(1)通过对矿区已有空间数据和二维矢量图件等图文数据资料分类及筛选,补充导入55条勘探线中91个钻孔工程和50个坑探工程的15716个样品数据,并对各类文件进行有效性校验和合并,创建矿区地质数据库。在此基础上,通过布尔运算,构建了矿区较为完整的地形模型及断层、地层和矿体的三维实体模型,实现矿区地质信息的三维可视化。(2)对矿区内已有的15716个原始Cu品位数据,按照样长组合后进行统计分析,得知：矿区组合样品Cu品位分布范围主体集中于0-0.3%之间,平均值0.173%,最大值2.78%,变化系数104.04%,显示矿床低品位但品位变化较均匀的特点；组合样Cu品位服从对数正态分布,适宜选择普通克里格法进行品位推估。(3)基于地质统计学理论,创建了铜厂铜矿体Cu品位变异函数模型,分析得出矿体中Cu品位各向异性比为9：8：10(走向：倾向：垂向)。其中,Cu沿走向方向的变化较倾向方向及厚度方向上更为显著,且结构性最差,矿体受地层控制作用明显,矿化表现出明显的分带性和贫富矿交替出现的规律性。(4)结合地层厚度DTM模型、断层实体模型及矿化类型空间分布关系分析,认为：矿区落雪组含矿层“两凹夹一隆”的构造格局与矿化强度分区有密切联系；矿区南段的铜厂式沉积-成岩型铜矿体严格受地层控制,稳定性较好,含矿层厚度与矿体厚度及Cu品位呈正相关；矿区北段(新庄-大尖山矿段)的尖山式热液脉型铜矿体穿层性明显,矿化主要沿F1断裂带分布,连续性较差；矿区中部的矿体段同时受地层和构造作用控制,对应沉积-成岩型+热液脉型矿化叠加地段,是高品位矿体分布的主要部位。(5)在建立以矿体模型为约束的块段模型的基础上,构建了Cu品位模型。模型显示：以Cu=0.2%作为矿体的边界品位时,矿化的连续性较好；Cu品位在≥0.4%时,矿化开始不连续。总体看,随着Cu品位级别增加,约束后的品位块段模型呈现出面状→线带状→点带状分布的变化趋势,总体走向与矿区含矿地层及主干断层的走向一致,显示矿化既受地层控制,又受构造控制的基本特征。表明铜厂矿床为低品位矿体连续性较好、高品位矿体连续性较差的铜矿床。(6)基于DIMINE三维软件的地质模块,选用普通克里格法及距离幂次反比法,分别以Cu品位0.2%、0.2-0.4%、0.4-3.0%为边界,对矿区31～34号勘探线范围内不同类型资源储量进行估算,其中,Cu≥0.2%的(332+333+334)铜矿石量约8840万吨,铜金属量约24.7万吨：Cu=0.2-0.4%品级范围的矿石量和铜金属量分别占总资源量的93.91%和88.97%,Cu≥0.4%品级范围的矿石量和铜金属量仅占总资源量的6.09%和11.03%。说明本矿床为典型的以低品位矿为主的中型铜矿床。本研究成果为矿区实现三维可视化动态管理奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The three-dimensional geological modeling of the deposit is very late in China, but with the development and perfection of the three-dimensional mining software and the geostatistical software system, it has been widely used in the field of mining, and has become an important part of the research and construction of the modern digital mine. At the same time, using the results of three-dimensional geological modeling, the mineralization and enrichment law of the deposit scale is studied, and the new direction of the current ore deposit study is also studied. Based on the comprehensive collection of the geological data of the mining area and the geological survey of the deposit, the three-dimensional visualization theory and technology of the deposit are used to study the ore-forming geological conditions, the types of mineralization and the spatial distribution of the deposit, based on the investigation of the geological conditions, the types of mineralization and the spatial distribution of the deposit, The model of geological database, three-dimensional geological model and Cu-grade variation function model of mining area is studied based on DIMEINE three-dimensional mining software. Through the construction of the block segment model and the grade estimation model, the common Kriging method and the distance power inverse ratio method are adopted to re-estimate the resource reserves of the deposit. The main achievements are as follows: (1)15716 sample data of 91 drilling projects and 50 pit exploration projects in the 55 exploration lines are supplemented by the classification and selection of the data and text data of the existing spatial data and the two-dimensional vector map of the mining area, And the validity check and the combination of various documents are carried out, and the geological database of the mining area is created. On this basis, through the Boolean operation, the complete terrain model of the mining area and the three-dimensional solid model of the fault, the formation and the ore body are constructed, and the three-dimensional visualization of the geological information of the mining area is realized. (2)15716 original Cu grade data in the mining area are analyzed and analyzed according to the sample length, and it is found that the main body of the Cu-grade distribution range of the combined sample of the mining area is in the range of 0-0.3%, the average value is 0.173%, the maximum value is 2.78%, the variation coefficient is 104.04%, The characteristics of the low grade of the deposit and the change of the grade are shown, the Cu grade of the composition is subject to the log normal distribution, and the general Kriging method is suitable for evaluating the grade. (3) Based on the geostatistics theory, the Cu-grade variation function model of the copper-plant copper ore body was established, and the Cu-grade anisotropy ratio in the ore body was analyzed to be 9:8:10 (trend: orientation: vertical). Among them, the change of Cu in the direction of direction is more significant in the direction and thickness direction, and the structure is the worst. The ore body is obviously affected by the formation control, and the mineralization shows the regularity of the alternate occurrence of the rich and poor. (4) Based on the analysis of the relationship between the formation thickness DTM model, the fault model of the fault and the spatial distribution of the mineralization type, it is concluded that the structural pattern of the "two-concave one-on-one" of the ore-bearing layer in the snow-falling group in the mining area is closely related to the mineralization intensity partition, and the copper-plant type-sedimentary-diagenetic copper deposit in the south section of the mining area is strictly controlled by the formation. The stability is good, and the thickness of the ore-bearing layer is positively related to the thickness of the ore body and the Cu grade. The ore body segment in the middle of the mining area is controlled by the formation and the tectonism, and the corresponding sedimentary-diagenetic type + hydrothermal vein type mineralization and superposition section is the main part of the high-grade ore body distribution. (5) The Cu-grade model is built on the basis of building a block model with the orebody model as a constraint. The model shows that when Cu = 0.2% is the boundary grade of the ore body, the continuity of the mineralization is good; when the Cu grade is 0.4%, the mineralization is not continuous. As a whole, with the increase of the grade of Cu, the modified grade block model presents the trend of the strip-like distribution of the strip-like distribution in the surface-like structure, and the overall trend is consistent with the trend of the ore-bearing formation and the main fault in the mining area, and shows that the mineralization is controlled by the formation and is controlled by the structure. The copper deposit is a kind of copper deposit with good continuity and poor continuity of high grade ore body. (6) based on the geological module of the DIAMINE three-dimensional software, the common Kriging method and the distance power inverse ratio method are selected, the Cu-grade 0.2%, the 0.2-0.4% and the 0.4-3.0% are respectively used as the boundary, and the different types of resource reserves in the exploration line range of the mining areas 31 to 34 are estimated, The amount of Cu = 0.2% (332 + 333 + 334) copper ore is about 8840 million tons, and the amount of copper metal is about 247,000 tons: Cu = 0.2-0.4% of the grade of the ore and the amount of copper metal account for 93.91% and 88.97% of the total resources, respectively, and the amount of ore and copper metal in the range of 0.4% of Cu is only 6.09% and 11.03% of the total resources. It is indicated that this deposit is a typical medium-sized copper deposit with low grade ore. The research result lays a foundation for the dynamic management of three-dimensional visualization in the mining area.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.41

【参考文献】