对黄土高原风尘搬运动力与沉积控制因素的新认识
发布时间：2019-05-29 09:26
【摘要】：风尘是地球表层系统的重要组成部分,广泛参与地球系统中不同时空尺度的物理、化学和生物过程,对全球气候和生态环境产生重要的影响。中国北方地区发育了世界最广、最厚的风尘沉积,记录了至少22 Ma以来东亚季风演化和亚洲内陆干旱化历史。半个多世纪以来对风尘沉积的气候记录和黄土高原的成因进行了大量研究并取得了丰硕成果,然而对黄土高原风尘物质沉积过程的认识还存在很多问题。例如,近年来基于物源示踪研究对传统的风尘搬运过程提出了新认识,认为虽然黄土主体是风成的,但以前忽略了河流对于碎屑物质的搬运贡献。我们在前人研究基础上从沉积学角度分析风尘沉积过程,发现青藏高原两期抬升与区域构造运动对粉尘沉积起着不亚于气候变化的重要控制作用;同时从沉积-侵蚀和地貌发育过程探讨风力与流水这两种最常见的外动力方式在黄土沉积和黄土高原发育过程中所起的作用,认为风尘的沉积和黄土高原的形成是侵蚀与搬运沉积作用的长期动态平衡过程,风力和流水在其中所起的作用都不是单一不变的,在不同时期和不同区域有可能会同时充当建设者和破坏者的角色。
[Abstract]:Wind and dust is an important part of the earth's surface system. It is widely involved in the physical, chemical and biological processes of different time and space scales in the earth system, and has an important impact on the global climate and ecological environment. The largest and thickest wind and dust deposits in the world have been developed in northern China, recording the evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the history of inland drought in Asia since at least 22 Ma. For more than half a century, a great deal of research has been carried out on the climatic records of wind and dust deposits and the genesis of the Loess Plateau. However, there are still many problems in the understanding of the deposition process of wind and dust materials in the Loess Plateau. For example, in recent years, based on the study of provenance tracer, a new understanding of the traditional wind and dust transport process has been put forward, and it is considered that although the loess main body is aeolian, the contribution of rivers to the transport of clastic materials has been ignored in the past. On the basis of previous studies, we analyze the process of wind and dust deposition from the point of view of sedimentology, and find that the two stages of uplift and regional tectonic movement in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau play an important role in controlling dust deposition as much as climate change. At the same time, the role of wind force and flowing water in loess deposition and loess plateau development is discussed from the process of sedimentation-erosion and geomorphological development. It is considered that the deposition of wind and dust and the formation of the Loess Plateau are the long-term dynamic equilibrium process of erosion and transport deposition, and the role of wind and water in it is not single and constant. It is possible to act as both builder and destroyer at different times and in different regions.
【作者单位】： 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院/地理学国家级实验教学示范中心;中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所;南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41602182) 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(GK201603074)
【分类号】：P512.2
，
本文编号：2487827
[Abstract]:Wind and dust is an important part of the earth's surface system. It is widely involved in the physical, chemical and biological processes of different time and space scales in the earth system, and has an important impact on the global climate and ecological environment. The largest and thickest wind and dust deposits in the world have been developed in northern China, recording the evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the history of inland drought in Asia since at least 22 Ma. For more than half a century, a great deal of research has been carried out on the climatic records of wind and dust deposits and the genesis of the Loess Plateau. However, there are still many problems in the understanding of the deposition process of wind and dust materials in the Loess Plateau. For example, in recent years, based on the study of provenance tracer, a new understanding of the traditional wind and dust transport process has been put forward, and it is considered that although the loess main body is aeolian, the contribution of rivers to the transport of clastic materials has been ignored in the past. On the basis of previous studies, we analyze the process of wind and dust deposition from the point of view of sedimentology, and find that the two stages of uplift and regional tectonic movement in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau play an important role in controlling dust deposition as much as climate change. At the same time, the role of wind force and flowing water in loess deposition and loess plateau development is discussed from the process of sedimentation-erosion and geomorphological development. It is considered that the deposition of wind and dust and the formation of the Loess Plateau are the long-term dynamic equilibrium process of erosion and transport deposition, and the role of wind and water in it is not single and constant. It is possible to act as both builder and destroyer at different times and in different regions.
【作者单位】： 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院/地理学国家级实验教学示范中心;中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所;南京大学地理与海洋科学学院;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41602182) 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(GK201603074)
【分类号】：P512.2
，
本文编号：2487827
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