印尼南苏门答腊盆地油气成藏规律研究及油气藏精细勘探

发布时间：2019-06-09 15:01

【摘要】：本论文以沉积学、层序地层学和数学地质学理论为指导,深入研究了相控的基准面旋回控制下,地层层序格架中储层发育和展布规律,为油气藏成藏规律的研究及油气精细勘探提供指导。以大量的钻井资料、测井资料、地震资料、结合地质露头剖面为第一手研究材料,在沉积体系及基准面旋回层序地层研究的基础上,将相控沉积学与数学建模紧密结合,充分利用各种地质变量,特别是利用砂体展布关联度较为密切的储层地质学变量,来建立层序格架中储集体分布的准确地质模型。基于精确地质模型,在基准面旋回层序格架中研究储层的发育和展布规律,对目标储层会有更清晰的认识,提高了储层预测的准确性,从而对研究区油气成藏规律的认识,加强对老油气区精细勘探,进一步提高了油气田区滚动勘探的成功率具有一定的指导意义。论文的研究思路,是对传统层序地层学理论的继承和发展。深入研究了Vail理论、Galloway理论、Johnson理论和Cross理论的技术精髓和应用的实用性和局限性。认为前三者重点强调海平面的变化是控制地层层序形成和相分布的主要机制,对于陆相地层的研究受到一定限制。Cross理论,强调的是基准面原理,它同时适用于海相地层和陆相地层,我国近年来油气勘探的实践表明,这一理论和方法,更适用于未受海(湖)平面升降直接控制的冲积扇、河流三角州、海底扇等陆相沉积体系的精细划分和对比。但它对于一些特殊的沉积体系,如有关深层基岩风化壳的层序划分又有一定的局限性。因此,在传统层序地层学理论的指导下,引入相控沉积学的研究方法,利用沉积相带的模式,结合Cross的基准面旋回层序地层学理论,进行划分和对比建立其层序地层的模型,再利用数学地质建模的方法,建立层序格架中储集体分布的准确地质模型,使储层预测研究准确性大大提高。在相控的基准面旋回层序地层学理论指导下,对研究工区南苏门答腊盆地构造演化和沉积演化入手,划分三级层序地层格架,分析不同层序沉积体系、沉积相特征,预测有利储集相带。利用层序地层学和沉积学理论研究南苏门答腊盆地油气藏组合分析,从而进行油气藏关系及油气成藏规律研究,为油气田的滚动勘探和合理开发提供理论基础和科学依据。论文依托中国石油重点攻关项目---“海外油气田勘探与开发技术研究”(编号Y2013JF8-02)选题“印尼南苏门答腊盆地层序地层特征与油气成藏规律研究”进行研究工作。对构造演化、层序地层划分、沉积体系研究、储层预测及油气藏关系等方面进行综合研究,从南苏门答腊盆地构造及沉积演化入手,划分三级层序地层格架,分析不同层序沉积相特征;把层序地层学和沉积学理论有机结合,对盆地油气藏组合进行分析,预测有利储集相带,深化了油气成藏规律的认识,提出了地层-岩性油气藏的识别方法及勘探思路,并指导了研究区的油气勘探。主要开展了以下研究工作:区域构造特征及其构造演化特征分析;钻井分层、地震层序地层格架的建立;层序体系域构成特征与沉积充填演化研究;主要含油气层系层序界面特征研究;地震相、沉积相及其展布特征研究;地震属性分析,储层反演预及测评价;地层-岩性油气藏识别与平价;地震频率的响应特征分析及油气检测研究;层序地层特征与油气成藏规律研究;滚动勘探目标评价与油气田精细勘探。在以上研究工作的基础上,取得了以下主要创新点及应用效果:1、解决了研究区长期“储层认识不清”的瓶颈问题。在区域构造背景与盆地演化、沉积演化特征研究,以基准面旋回层序地层学理论为指导,在单井旋回分析及多井层序对比研究的基础上,进行研究区的层序地层划分,并采用确定性建模与随机性建模相结合的方法,建立研究区层序界定下的储层相控模型,进而建立目标层精确地质模型。在此基础上研究目标层的沉积相带展布特征,对层序界面内的储层进行准确预测。2、创建形成了一套“相控层序地层”控制下的储层预测、油气藏关系及成藏规律的研究方法。利用研究区层序界定下的相控层序模型及井筒资料、地震属性特征在储层预测与油气藏认知中的作用,结合钻井综合分析,对油气勘探的目标层系及重点靶区,建立储层预测和油气藏描述的量化模型,认为该区油气成藏规律为:除西部大型构造油气藏外,中部凹陷区及东部斜坡区存在大量的地层-岩性油气藏,明确了下步油气滚动勘探和精细勘探的方向。形成了一套行之有效的储层识别、油气藏认知及油气藏精细勘探的新思路、新方法。3、总结形成一套“层序控制沉积、沉积确定储层、储层决定油气藏”的地层-岩性油气成藏模式。提出地层-岩性油气藏勘探思路和工作方法,并在实际工作中不断完善。在研究区的油气精细勘探中研究中,将层序地层学、沉积学和储层研究有机结合,较大的提高了目标层储层预测精度,增强了地层-岩性油气藏的认知度,有效的指导了油气精细勘探,取得良好效果。通过研究成果的应用及实施,使该区块油气产量从中石油进入时的200多万吨油当量,上升到2010年高峰期的近600万吨油当量,并近几年每年油气产量维持在500万吨油当量左右。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and mathematical geology, this paper deeply studies the development and distribution of the reservoir in the layer-by-layer sequential grid under the control of the phase-controlled base level cycle, and provides guidance for the study of reservoir formation law and the fine exploration of oil and gas. Based on a large number of drilling data, well-logging data and seismic data, combined with the geological outcrop section as the first-hand research material, the phase-controlled deposition is closely combined with the mathematical modeling on the basis of the study of the sedimentary system and the reference-level cycle sequence stratigraphy, and various geological variables are fully utilized, In particular, the accurate geological model of the reservoir collective distribution in the sequence framework is established by using the reservoir geology variable which is closely related to the distribution of the sand body. Based on the precise geological model, the development and distribution of the reservoir are studied in the base level cycle sequence framework, and the target reservoir can be more clearly recognized, the accuracy of the reservoir prediction is improved, And the success rate of rolling and exploration in the oil-gas field area is further improved. The research idea of the paper is the inheritance and development of the traditional sequence stratigraphy theory. The utility and limitations of the Vail theory, the Galloway theory, the Johnson's theory and the Cross theory are deeply studied. The former three points stress that the change of sea level is the main mechanism to control the formation and distribution of the layer-by-layer sequence, and the study on the continental strata is limited. Cross theory, it is emphasized that the principle of the reference plane is applicable to the marine and continental strata, and the practice of oil and gas exploration in recent years has shown that this theory and method are more applicable to the alluvial fan and the river delta which are not directly controlled by the elevation of the sea (lake) plane. The fine division and contrast of the land-phase deposition system, such as the submarine fan. But it has some limitations for some special sedimentary system, such as the sequence division of the deep bedrock weathering crust. Therefore, under the guidance of the theory of the traditional sequence stratigraphy, the research method of phase-controlled deposition is introduced, and the model of the sequence formation is divided and compared by using the model of the sedimentary facies belt and the reference plane cycle sequence stratigraphy of the Cross, and then the method of the mathematical geological modeling is used. The accurate geological model of the reservoir collective distribution in the sequence framework is established, so that the accuracy of the reservoir prediction research is greatly improved. The three-level sequence stratigraphic framework is divided into three-level sequence stratigraphic framework to analyze the sedimentary system and sedimentary facies of the South Sumatra Basin in the south of the study area under the guidance of the phase-controlled reference-level cycle sequence stratigraphy, and the favorable reservoir facies belt is predicted. By using the theory of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology to study the combination analysis of the oil and gas reservoirs in the South Sumatra Basin, the relationship between the oil and gas and the law of oil and gas accumulation are studied, and the theoretical basis and the scientific basis for the rolling exploration and rational development of the oil and gas field are provided. This paper is based on the research work of the "Sequence Stratigraphy and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia" of the key project of China's oil key--"Research on the Exploration and Development of the Overseas Oil and Gas Field" (No. Y2013JF8-02). The three-level sequence stratigraphic framework is divided into three-level sequence stratigraphic framework, and the characteristics of sedimentary facies of different sequences are analyzed. By combining the sequence stratigraphy and the theory of sedimentology, the combination of the basin and gas reservoirs is analyzed, the favorable reservoir facies belt is predicted, the understanding of the oil and gas accumulation law is deepened, the identification method and the exploration idea of the formation-lithologic reservoir are put forward, and the oil and gas exploration in the research area is also guided. The following research work is carried out: the characteristics of regional structure and its structural evolution characteristics; the establishment of the stratigraphic framework of the drilling, the formation of the seismic sequence stratigraphic framework, the formation of the sequence system and the evolution of the sedimentary filling, the study of the sequence boundary of the main oil-gas-bearing strata, and the seismic facies, Study on sedimentary facies and its distribution characteristics; seismic attribute analysis, reservoir inversion and evaluation; formation-lithological reservoir identification and parities; response characteristics of seismic frequency and oil and gas detection; sequence stratigraphy and oil and gas accumulation law; The evaluation of rolling exploration targets and the fine exploration of oil and gas fields. On the basis of the above research work, the following main innovation points and application effects are obtained:1. The bottleneck problem of long-term "Lack of understanding of reservoir" in the research area is solved. Based on the analysis of single well cycle and multi-well sequence comparison, the sequence stratigraphic division of the study area is carried out based on the analysis of single well cycle and the comparative study of multi-well sequence. Based on the method of the combination of the deterministic modeling and the stochastic modeling, the reservoir phase control model under the study area sequence is established, and the accurate geological model of the target layer is established. On this basis, the distribution characteristics of the sedimentary facies of the target layer are studied, and the reservoir in the sequence interface is predicted accurately.2. The study method of reservoir prediction, oil-gas reservoir relation and the reservoir-forming rule under a set of "facies-controlled sequence stratigraphy" control is created. A quantitative model of reservoir prediction and reservoir description is established by using the phase-controlled sequence model and well bore data and the characteristics of the seismic attributes in the reservoir prediction and the reservoir cognition by using the phase-controlled sequence model and well bore data in the study area sequence, combining the drilling comprehensive analysis, the target layer and the key target area of the oil and gas exploration, and establishing a reservoir prediction and reservoir description quantitative model, It is considered that the oil and gas accumulation in this area is: in addition to the large-scale tectonic oil and gas reservoir in the west, there is a large amount of formation-lithologic reservoir in the middle and eastern slope areas, and the direction of oil and gas rolling and fine exploration in the next step is defined. A new method and new method for reservoir identification, oil and gas reservoir cognition and fine exploration of oil and gas reservoir are formed, and a set of "Sequence-controlled deposition, sedimentary determination of reservoir and reservoir-determined oil and gas reservoir" formation-lithological and oil-gas accumulation model is summarized. The exploration ideas and working methods of the formation-lithological oil and gas reservoir are put forward, and it is continuously improved in the practical work. In the study of the fine exploration of oil and gas in the research area, the sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology and reservoir study are combined organically, the prediction precision of the target layer is greatly improved, the cognition of the formation-lithologic reservoir is enhanced, the fine exploration of the oil and gas is effectively guided, and good effects are obtained. Through the application and implementation of the research results, the oil and gas production of the block is increased to over 2 million tons of oil equivalent of the oil in the middle of 2010, up to nearly 6 million tons of oil equivalent in the peak period of 2010, and the oil and gas production in the last few years is maintained at about 5 million tons of oil equivalent.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P618.13

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