MET地震检波器多物理场模型构建及其噪声研究
发布时间：2019-06-18 16:06
【摘要】：多年的实践证明，地震勘探是一种快速有效探明地下构造、寻找油气资源的方法。随着对油气资源需求的日益增长，对地震勘探的要求也越来越高，主流的机电类地震检波器已经在很多方面不能满足要求：地震检波器已成为制约地震勘探技术发展的一大瓶颈。多年来，，国内外许多公司和科研机构一直致力于开发新型地震检波器并推出了很多产品，如压电陶瓷检波器、涡流检波器、激光检波器、MEMS检波器等。以上这几种地震检波器工作原理大多与机电类地震检波器不同，且在某些方面的性能要好于机电类地震检波器。但总体来看，这些种类的地震检波器都存在这样或那样的致命缺陷，无法实现大规模商业化推广，地震检波器对地震勘探技术的制约依旧没有消除。因此，相关公司和科研机构一直没有停止开发新型地震检波器的步伐。 MET（Molecular Electronic Transducer）地震检波器是近些年来开发出来的一款新型地震检波器，该类检波器是基于分子-电子感应技术原理工作的。MET地震检波器内部没有机电类地震检波器所具有的固体质量块和弹簧等机械装置，主要由外部调理电路和氧化还原反应腔体构成，氧化还原反应腔体内填充一定浓度的KI和I2混合电解液，中间有一个片状多孔敏感元件，敏感元件内集成了两对（四层）电极，并与外部调理电路相连。工作时，须给四个电极施加一定电势，电解液内离子在四个电极处发生氧化还原反应。当振动信号传递到检波器时，电解液和敏感元件产生相对运动，引起四个电极周围参与氧化还原反应的离子浓度发生变化，从而导致一对电极的氧化还原反应速率变快，另一对电极的氧化还原反应速率变慢，这就造成一对电极的输出电流变大，另一对电极的输出电流变小，两对电极之间产生电流差，通过测量该电流差来检测外界振动情况。 本文针对MET地震检波器性能优化过程中三个主要问题展开研究。针对不同的应用场合，MET地震检波器设计参数应有所改变，以便使其更符合要求。如用于地震勘探时，MET地震检波器自身噪声水平应尽量低，而对其灵敏度的要求可以稍微降低。当用于安防设备时，需要灵敏度尽量高，对自身噪声的要求可以适当降低。究竟怎么改变内部设计参数才能使检波器符合上述要求，这就需要通过对其建立多物理场仿真模型进行研究，这也是本文研究的第一个问题。第二，MET地震检波器的自身噪声问题是在任何使用场合都必须考虑的，只有自身噪声低于待检测振动信号我们才能分清楚信号和噪声。第三，MET地震检波器是基于电解液内部离子发生氧化还原反应原理工作的，而化学反应受温度影响很大，因此MET地震检波器的温度特性是必须研究的问题。针对以上三个问题，本文具体开展了以下研究： （1）建立包含流体场、电场、离子扩散迁移等过程在内的通用的MET地震检波器多物理场仿真模型，通过该模型可直观的观察敏感元件微观结构内各种物理参数（如电流密度、离子流量、电势等）的分布情况，从而可以更加深入细致地了解MET地震检波器工作过程，该模型是优化MET地震检波器性能参数所必需的。 （2）构建MET地震检波器自身噪声测试系统，测量MET地震检波器的自身噪声功率谱。 （3）研究温度对MET地震检波器增益的影响。针对高温（0℃以上）和低温（0℃以下）两种情况搭建了两套检波器增益测试系统，测试了不同温度下检波器增益的变化，给出了MET地震检波器增益-温度曲线图。
[Abstract]:The practice of the years has proved that the seismic exploration is a rapid and effective method to find out the underground structure and to find oil and gas resources. With the increasing demand of oil and gas resources, the demand for seismic exploration is becoming more and more high, and the mainstream electro-mechanical seismic detector has been unable to meet the requirements in many ways: the seismic detector has become a major bottleneck in the development of seismic exploration technology. Over the years, many domestic and foreign companies and scientific research institutions have been working on the development of new type of geophones and introduced many products, such as piezoelectric ceramic detectors, eddy current detectors, laser detectors, MEMS detectors, and the like. The working principle of the above-mentioned several seismic detectors is different from that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector, and the performance in some aspects is better than that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector. In general, however, these kinds of geophones have such a fatal defect that large-scale commercial extension can not be achieved, and the limitation of the seismic wave detector to the seismic exploration technology is still not eliminated. Therefore, relevant companies and scientific research institutions have not stopped developing new type of geophones. The MET (Molecular Electronic Transconductor) is a new type of seismic detector developed in recent years, which is based on the principle of molecular-electronic induction. The mechanical device, such as a solid mass block and a spring, which is not provided by an electro-mechanical seismic detector inside the MET seismic detector, is mainly composed of an external conditioning circuit and an oxidation-reduction reaction cavity, wherein a KI and I2 mixed electrolysis with a certain concentration are filled in the oxidation-reduction reaction chamber the liquid and the middle are provided with a sheet-shaped porous sensitive element, two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated in the sensitive element, and the two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated with the external conditioning circuit When working, it is necessary to apply a certain electric potential to the four electrodes, and the ions in the electrolyte will be oxidized and reduced at the four electrodes. It is to be noted that when the vibration signal is transmitted to the detector, the electrolyte and the sensing element generate relative motion, resulting in a change in the concentration of the ions involved in the redox reaction around the four electrodes, resulting in a change in the rate of oxidation and reduction of the pair of electrodes Fast, the oxidation-reduction reaction rate of the other pair of electrodes is slow, which causes the output current of the pair of electrodes to be large, the output current of the other pair of electrodes is small, the current difference is generated between the two pairs of electrodes, and the external vibration condition is detected by measuring the current difference. Condition. Three main problems in the performance optimization of the MET seismic detector are presented in this paper. Open the study. For different applications, the MET seismic detector design parameters should be changed in order to make it more in case of seismic exploration, that self-noise level of the MET seismic detector should be as low as possible, and the requirement for its sensitivity may be slightly Micro-reduction. When used in a security device, the sensitivity is as high as possible, and the requirements for self-noise can be used It is also the first to study how to change the internal design parameters in order to make the detector meet the above requirements. a problem. Second, the problem of self-noise of the MET seismic detector is to be taken into account in any event of use, and only if the self-noise is lower than the vibration signal to be detected, we can clear the signal And the temperature characteristic of the MET seismic detector is necessary to be studied. in view of the above three problems, The following studies: (1) The establishment of a universal MET seismic detector, including fluid field, electric field, ion diffusion migration, etc. The field simulation model, through which the distribution of various physical parameters (such as current density, ion flow, potential, etc.) in the micro-structure of the sensitive element can be visually observed, so that the MET seismic detection can be more thoroughly understood The working process of the device is to optimize the performance of the MET seismic detector. (2) Construct the self-noise test system of the MET seismic detector and measure the MET seismic detector. self-noise power spectrum. (3) Study temperature on MET Two sets of detector gain test systems are set up for high temperature (above 0 鈩
本文编号：2501619
[Abstract]:The practice of the years has proved that the seismic exploration is a rapid and effective method to find out the underground structure and to find oil and gas resources. With the increasing demand of oil and gas resources, the demand for seismic exploration is becoming more and more high, and the mainstream electro-mechanical seismic detector has been unable to meet the requirements in many ways: the seismic detector has become a major bottleneck in the development of seismic exploration technology. Over the years, many domestic and foreign companies and scientific research institutions have been working on the development of new type of geophones and introduced many products, such as piezoelectric ceramic detectors, eddy current detectors, laser detectors, MEMS detectors, and the like. The working principle of the above-mentioned several seismic detectors is different from that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector, and the performance in some aspects is better than that of the electro-mechanical seismic detector. In general, however, these kinds of geophones have such a fatal defect that large-scale commercial extension can not be achieved, and the limitation of the seismic wave detector to the seismic exploration technology is still not eliminated. Therefore, relevant companies and scientific research institutions have not stopped developing new type of geophones. The MET (Molecular Electronic Transconductor) is a new type of seismic detector developed in recent years, which is based on the principle of molecular-electronic induction. The mechanical device, such as a solid mass block and a spring, which is not provided by an electro-mechanical seismic detector inside the MET seismic detector, is mainly composed of an external conditioning circuit and an oxidation-reduction reaction cavity, wherein a KI and I2 mixed electrolysis with a certain concentration are filled in the oxidation-reduction reaction chamber the liquid and the middle are provided with a sheet-shaped porous sensitive element, two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated in the sensitive element, and the two pairs of (four-layer) electrodes are integrated with the external conditioning circuit When working, it is necessary to apply a certain electric potential to the four electrodes, and the ions in the electrolyte will be oxidized and reduced at the four electrodes. It is to be noted that when the vibration signal is transmitted to the detector, the electrolyte and the sensing element generate relative motion, resulting in a change in the concentration of the ions involved in the redox reaction around the four electrodes, resulting in a change in the rate of oxidation and reduction of the pair of electrodes Fast, the oxidation-reduction reaction rate of the other pair of electrodes is slow, which causes the output current of the pair of electrodes to be large, the output current of the other pair of electrodes is small, the current difference is generated between the two pairs of electrodes, and the external vibration condition is detected by measuring the current difference. Condition. Three main problems in the performance optimization of the MET seismic detector are presented in this paper. Open the study. For different applications, the MET seismic detector design parameters should be changed in order to make it more in case of seismic exploration, that self-noise level of the MET seismic detector should be as low as possible, and the requirement for its sensitivity may be slightly Micro-reduction. When used in a security device, the sensitivity is as high as possible, and the requirements for self-noise can be used It is also the first to study how to change the internal design parameters in order to make the detector meet the above requirements. a problem. Second, the problem of self-noise of the MET seismic detector is to be taken into account in any event of use, and only if the self-noise is lower than the vibration signal to be detected, we can clear the signal And the temperature characteristic of the MET seismic detector is necessary to be studied. in view of the above three problems, The following studies: (1) The establishment of a universal MET seismic detector, including fluid field, electric field, ion diffusion migration, etc. The field simulation model, through which the distribution of various physical parameters (such as current density, ion flow, potential, etc.) in the micro-structure of the sensitive element can be visually observed, so that the MET seismic detection can be more thoroughly understood The working process of the device is to optimize the performance of the MET seismic detector. (2) Construct the self-noise test system of the MET seismic detector and measure the MET seismic detector. self-noise power spectrum. (3) Study temperature on MET Two sets of detector gain test systems are set up for high temperature (above 0 鈩
本文编号：2501619
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