下扬子句容地区极浅层高密度数字采集技术研究

发布时间：2019-06-21 15:23

【摘要】：数字地震勘探技术采用高密度采集、宽频接收是提高分辨率、保真度和地震成像精度的有效途径,也是地震勘探的发展方向。国内进行了一些高精度勘探和数字化采集,在四川、新疆、山东等地均进行了数字化地震勘探试验,取得了较好的效果。本文以下扬子句容地区地震采集项目为依托,着重研究了该区极浅层地震采集方法和高密度数字采集技术,首先在该区进行二维高密度数字先导试验,采用超小道距的观测系统,对观测系统进行退化处理,选择出最优的接收道距及线面元,并对偏移距、炮距、覆盖次数进行了详尽的分析和研究,初步形成了该区的采集和处理方法,对数字检波器和模拟检波器进行了详细的对比和分析,数字检波器有效的提高了该区目的层的分辨率,通过室内组合后接收效果优于模拟检波器。在二维先导试验的基础上,针对极浅目的层进行了三维地球物理模型建立与分析,对观测系统进行了论证和优化,并着重对复杂地表障碍物下观测系统的有效实施进行了研究,对可控震源与炸药震源的联合施工进行了总结和分析,形成了句容地区极浅目的层地震勘探技术流程。
[Abstract]:Digital seismic exploration is an effective way to improve resolution, fidelity and seismic imaging precision by high-density acquisition and wide-band reception. It is also the developing direction of seismic exploration. Some high-precision exploration and digital acquisition have been carried out in China, and the digital seismic exploration test has been carried out in Sichuan, Xinjiang, Shandong, etc., and the better results are obtained. In this paper, based on the seismic acquisition project of the Yangtze, the shallow seismic acquisition method and the high-density digital acquisition technology in this area are emphatically studied, the two-dimensional high-density digital pilot test is carried out in this area, and the observation system of the super-track distance is adopted to perform the degradation treatment on the observation system. The optimal receiving track distance and the line surface element are selected, and the offset distance, the gunning distance and the covering frequency are analyzed and studied in detail, the acquisition and processing method of the area is preliminarily formed, and the digital detector and the analog detector are compared and analyzed in detail. The digital detector effectively improves the resolution of the target layer in the area, and the receiving effect is better than the analog detector after the indoor combination. On the basis of the two-dimensional pilot test, a three-dimensional geophysical model is established and analyzed for a very shallow target layer, the observation system is proved and optimized, and the effective implementation of the observation system under the complex surface obstacle is studied. The joint construction of the controllable seismic source and the explosive source is summarized and analyzed, and the technical process of the seismic exploration of the extremely shallow target layer in the sentence-tolerance area is formed.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4

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