吉林延边地区早白垩世尼尔桑羽叶及其地质分布
发布时间：2019-07-03 18:07
【摘要】：延边朝鲜族自治州地处吉林省东部边疆近海地区,东与俄罗斯接壤,南与朝鲜相邻。延吉盆地内中生代陆相地层发育,含有大量的煤炭和油页岩,是研究我国东北白垩纪早期陆相地层、植被和环境变化的热点地区之一。下白垩统长财组植物化石丰富,自2005年吉林大学研究团队报道了研究区下白垩统长财组的大量化石,包括蕨类11属23种、本内苏铁类2属5种、苏铁类2属6种、银杏类3属7种、茨康类2属3种、松柏类10属19种。为进一步确定长财组植物化石产出层位的地质年代,本文对吉林省延边州和龙市福洞镇泉水村组底部(原称福洞组)安山岩进行了采样和测年工作,测定结果为115.0±1.7Ma(MSWD=1.7),相当于阿普特晚期。结合尹殿奎(2008)在吉林延边州延吉市三道湾镇三道湾煤矿长财组下伏地层屯田营组顶部安山岩年龄(125.1±2.7Ma)和Sun et al.(2010,2016)在吉林延边州和龙市龙城镇福兴村兴旺煤矿长财组上覆地层泉水村组底部安山岩年龄(116.8±1.4Ma),综合动、植物化石以及孢粉组合,最终确定长财组地质时代属于阿普特早-中期。吉林延边朝鲜族自治州的下白垩统长财组产有较为丰富的本内苏铁类化石,本文所描述的化石采自吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州和龙市长财煤矿、春洞煤矿、南阳煤矿和春阳煤矿的下白垩统长财组地层中。通过化石角质层实验,本次工作共鉴定尼尔桑羽叶化石4种(包括1个新种),分别为:长财尼尔桑羽叶(新种)Nilssoniopteris changcaiensis Sun et Li(sp.nov.),长叶尼尔桑羽叶Nilssoniopteris longifolia Doludenko,普里纳达尼尔桑羽叶Nilssoniopteris prynadae Samylina,平轴尼尔桑羽叶Nilssoniopteris platyrachis(Samylina)Wei et Sun。其中,Nilssoniopteris changcaiensis Sun et Li(sp.nov.)(登记号JLC0718049)以其长带状叶片、叶脉细密、气孔密度小、气孔器较大、孔缝短等特征,区别于属内各已知种。本内苏铁是中生代植物群中的重要分子。尼尔桑羽叶属(Nilssoniopteris)主要分布在东格陵兰、美国、俄罗斯、日本、中国等地,以中侏罗世和早白垩世最为繁盛。目前,已知的中生代Nilssoniopteris化石达37种,除了个别属种因缺乏表皮构造而存疑外,绝大多数报道的化石确系属于Nilssoniopteris。为了查明尼尔桑羽叶的地质地理分布,本文将各时期已知的Nilssoniopteris化石属种的化石产地置于全球古地理图中进行分析。研究表明,尼尔桑羽叶属从晚三叠世到早白垩世,具有自低纬度热带区向中纬度暖温带区迁移的特征。该属种的北移,与从晚三叠世到早白垩世气候总体变暖有关。中生代期间尼尔桑羽叶属大多分布在潮湿气候带,少数分布在干旱带。随着晚白垩世气温的下降,本属植物逐渐衰退,残存于低纬度区的捷克。至晚白垩世末期最终绝灭。植物的气孔是与大气直接进行气体交换并进行光合作用和呼吸作用的场所,植物利用气孔吸收大气的二氧化碳进行光合作用。因此,植物的气孔参数被认为是对古大气二氧化碳浓度变化最为敏感的响应,被众多学者用来重建古大气二氧化碳浓度。目前,被用来进行重建的植物化石主要为银杏类、松柏类和被子植物等。气孔比率法重建古大气二氧化碳的基础是要已知现生最近亲缘种的气孔参数,为此,本文选取贵州苏铁作为尼尔桑羽叶的现代亲缘种。通过对贵州苏铁8个叶片的67个片段的表皮研究,获得其气孔密度为80.58±7.56个/mm2、表皮细胞密度为1112.52±119.92个/mm2、计算得出气孔指数(SI)为6.84±0.83。在此基础上,本文对延边地区下白垩统长财组3个产地的长叶尼尔桑羽叶(Nilssoniopteris longifolia Doludenko)和普里纳达尼尔桑羽叶(Nilssoniopteris prynadae Samylina)化石的叶表皮气孔参数进行了研究,分别获得其气孔指数为7.20±0.77,12.06±0.63和15.11±1.79,气孔比率分别为0.956±0.078,0.632±0.093和0.457±0.046。参考同产地同层位通过银杏化石的古大气二氧化碳浓度重建结果(Sun et al.,2016),尝试利用1SR=4RCO_2=1200ppmv,估测出吉林延边地区长财组的古大气二氧化碳浓度为548.6±55.0ppmv~1147.6±94.0 ppmv,为古气候的重建提供了新的材料和思路。
[Abstract]:Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture is located in the coastal area of the eastern frontier of Jilin Province, and is adjacent to Russia and is adjacent to Korea. The development of Mesozoic continental strata in Yanji basin, which contains a large amount of coal and oil shale, is one of the hot spots to study the changes of continental strata, vegetation and environment in the early Cretaceous in the northeast of China. The plant fossils of the Lower Cretaceous are abundant. Since 2005, the study team of Jilin University reported a large number of fossils of the Lower Cretaceous in the study area, including 23 genera,23 species,2 genera,5 species,2 genera,6 species,7 Ginkgo,3 species,2 genera,3 species, The 10 genera of the 10 genera of the pine are 10 genera and 19 species. In order to further determine the geological age of the fossil output horizon of the long-term plant, this paper carried out the sampling and the measurement of Anshan-rock at the bottom of the spring-water village in Yanbian and Longgang of Jilin Province (originally called the Fudong Formation), and the result is 115.0-1.7 Ma (MSWD = 1.7), which is equivalent to the late Apt. In combination with Yin Dian (2008), the top AnShan Rock Age (125.1-2.7Ma) and Sun et al. (2010,2016) at the top of the Group of Sandowan Coal Mine in Yanji City, Yanji City, Jilin Province, and Sun et al. (2010,2016) are located at the bottom of the formation spring village group at the bottom of the formation spring village group on the long-income group of Fuxing Village, Yanbian and Longyou, Jilin Province. The age of rock (116.8-1.4 Ma), comprehensive movement, plant fossils and sporo-pollen assemblages, and finally determined that the geological age of the long-income group belongs to the early-mid-term of Apt. In the Lower Cretaceous, the Lower Cretaceous of the Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Yanbian of Jilin Province is rich in this fossil. The fossils described in this paper are collected from the lower Cretaceous long-and-middle-income formation of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province and the Longyou Coal Mine, the Chundong Coal Mine, the Nanyang Coal Mine and the Chunyang Coal Mine. The four species (including 1 new species) of Nilsdoniopteris changecaiensis Sun et Li (sp.nov.), Nilsdoniopteris longifloia Doludenko, and Nilsdoniopteris prynadae Samylina, a new species of Nilsdoniopteris changcaiensis, Nilsdoniopteris changcaiensis Sun et Li (sp.nov.) (accession number JLC0718049) is characterized by its long strip-shaped blade, fine leaf vein, small air-hole density, large air-hole, short hole and so on, which is distinguished from the known species in the genus. This iron is an important molecule in the Mesozoic flora. The Nilstheniopteris is mainly distributed in East Greenland, the United States, Russia, Japan, China and so on. At present,37 species of the Mesozoic Nilsdoniopteris fossil are known, and most of the reported fossils belong to the Nilsdoniopteris in addition to the fact that the individual species are suspected of lack of epidermal construction. In order to find out the geographical distribution of Nil's pinna, this paper makes an analysis of the fossil origin of the Nilssoniopteris fossil species, which is known in various times, in the global palaeo-geographical map. The study shows that the Nil's pinnate is from the late Triassic to the early cretaceous, and has the characteristics of migrating from the low-latitude tropical region to the middle-latitude warm temperate zone. The northern movement of the species is related to the global warming from the late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous. In the Mesozoic period, the genus Neill is mostly distributed in the humid climate zone, and a few are distributed in the arid zone. As the temperature of the late cretaceous temperature decreased, the plant gradually declined and remained in the Czech in the low-latitude area. At the end of the late cretaceous. The air hole of the plant is the place where the air is directly exchanged with the atmosphere and the photosynthesis and respiration are carried out, and the plant uses the air holes to absorb the carbon dioxide of the atmosphere for photosynthesis. Therefore, the stomatal parameters of plants are considered to be the most sensitive response to the changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ancient atmosphere, and are used by many scholars to reconstruct the concentration of carbon dioxide in the old atmosphere. At present, the plant fossil used for reconstruction mainly is the ginkgo, the pine and the angiosperm. The air-hole ratio method is used to reconstruct the paleoatmospheric carbon dioxide, which is based on the known stomatal parameters of the nearest species. The stomatal density was 80.58-7.56/ mm2, and the density of epidermal cells was 1112.52-119.92/ mm2, and the stomatal index (SI) was 6.84-0.83. The stomatal parameters of the leaves of Nilsdoniopteris longifloia Doludenko and Nilsdoniopteris prynadae Samylina were studied. The stomatal index was 7.20-0.77, 12.06-0.63 and 15.11-1.79, respectively. The stomatal ratio was 0.956, 0.078, 0.632, 0.093 and 0.457-0.046, respectively. Based on the results of the re-establishment of the concentration of the paleoatmospheric CO _ 2 (Sun et al.,2016) from the same place in the same place, the concentration of the paleoatmospheric carbon dioxide in the long-income group in the Yanbian area of Jilin is estimated to be 548.6-55.0 ppmv-1147.6-94.0 ppmv, and the new materials and ideas are provided for the reconstruction of the paleoclimate.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q914
本文编号：2509577
[Abstract]:Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture is located in the coastal area of the eastern frontier of Jilin Province, and is adjacent to Russia and is adjacent to Korea. The development of Mesozoic continental strata in Yanji basin, which contains a large amount of coal and oil shale, is one of the hot spots to study the changes of continental strata, vegetation and environment in the early Cretaceous in the northeast of China. The plant fossils of the Lower Cretaceous are abundant. Since 2005, the study team of Jilin University reported a large number of fossils of the Lower Cretaceous in the study area, including 23 genera,23 species,2 genera,5 species,2 genera,6 species,7 Ginkgo,3 species,2 genera,3 species, The 10 genera of the 10 genera of the pine are 10 genera and 19 species. In order to further determine the geological age of the fossil output horizon of the long-term plant, this paper carried out the sampling and the measurement of Anshan-rock at the bottom of the spring-water village in Yanbian and Longgang of Jilin Province (originally called the Fudong Formation), and the result is 115.0-1.7 Ma (MSWD = 1.7), which is equivalent to the late Apt. In combination with Yin Dian (2008), the top AnShan Rock Age (125.1-2.7Ma) and Sun et al. (2010,2016) at the top of the Group of Sandowan Coal Mine in Yanji City, Yanji City, Jilin Province, and Sun et al. (2010,2016) are located at the bottom of the formation spring village group at the bottom of the formation spring village group on the long-income group of Fuxing Village, Yanbian and Longyou, Jilin Province. The age of rock (116.8-1.4 Ma), comprehensive movement, plant fossils and sporo-pollen assemblages, and finally determined that the geological age of the long-income group belongs to the early-mid-term of Apt. In the Lower Cretaceous, the Lower Cretaceous of the Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Yanbian of Jilin Province is rich in this fossil. The fossils described in this paper are collected from the lower Cretaceous long-and-middle-income formation of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province and the Longyou Coal Mine, the Chundong Coal Mine, the Nanyang Coal Mine and the Chunyang Coal Mine. The four species (including 1 new species) of Nilsdoniopteris changecaiensis Sun et Li (sp.nov.), Nilsdoniopteris longifloia Doludenko, and Nilsdoniopteris prynadae Samylina, a new species of Nilsdoniopteris changcaiensis, Nilsdoniopteris changcaiensis Sun et Li (sp.nov.) (accession number JLC0718049) is characterized by its long strip-shaped blade, fine leaf vein, small air-hole density, large air-hole, short hole and so on, which is distinguished from the known species in the genus. This iron is an important molecule in the Mesozoic flora. The Nilstheniopteris is mainly distributed in East Greenland, the United States, Russia, Japan, China and so on. At present,37 species of the Mesozoic Nilsdoniopteris fossil are known, and most of the reported fossils belong to the Nilsdoniopteris in addition to the fact that the individual species are suspected of lack of epidermal construction. In order to find out the geographical distribution of Nil's pinna, this paper makes an analysis of the fossil origin of the Nilssoniopteris fossil species, which is known in various times, in the global palaeo-geographical map. The study shows that the Nil's pinnate is from the late Triassic to the early cretaceous, and has the characteristics of migrating from the low-latitude tropical region to the middle-latitude warm temperate zone. The northern movement of the species is related to the global warming from the late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous. In the Mesozoic period, the genus Neill is mostly distributed in the humid climate zone, and a few are distributed in the arid zone. As the temperature of the late cretaceous temperature decreased, the plant gradually declined and remained in the Czech in the low-latitude area. At the end of the late cretaceous. The air hole of the plant is the place where the air is directly exchanged with the atmosphere and the photosynthesis and respiration are carried out, and the plant uses the air holes to absorb the carbon dioxide of the atmosphere for photosynthesis. Therefore, the stomatal parameters of plants are considered to be the most sensitive response to the changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ancient atmosphere, and are used by many scholars to reconstruct the concentration of carbon dioxide in the old atmosphere. At present, the plant fossil used for reconstruction mainly is the ginkgo, the pine and the angiosperm. The air-hole ratio method is used to reconstruct the paleoatmospheric carbon dioxide, which is based on the known stomatal parameters of the nearest species. The stomatal density was 80.58-7.56/ mm2, and the density of epidermal cells was 1112.52-119.92/ mm2, and the stomatal index (SI) was 6.84-0.83. The stomatal parameters of the leaves of Nilsdoniopteris longifloia Doludenko and Nilsdoniopteris prynadae Samylina were studied. The stomatal index was 7.20-0.77, 12.06-0.63 and 15.11-1.79, respectively. The stomatal ratio was 0.956, 0.078, 0.632, 0.093 and 0.457-0.046, respectively. Based on the results of the re-establishment of the concentration of the paleoatmospheric CO _ 2 (Sun et al.,2016) from the same place in the same place, the concentration of the paleoatmospheric carbon dioxide in the long-income group in the Yanbian area of Jilin is estimated to be 548.6-55.0 ppmv-1147.6-94.0 ppmv, and the new materials and ideas are provided for the reconstruction of the paleoclimate.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q914
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