动态扰动对围岩力学性质及破坏模式的影响

发布时间：2019-08-07 16:43

【摘要】：矿山开采过程中,围岩容易受到掘进爆破等动态扰动作用而产生失稳破坏。为此,使用Blast-UM型爆破测振仪对新城金矿Ⅳ#矿体-680 m中段开采过程中的爆破震动信号进行监测,利用小波变换技术将监测信号转换为应力波形,利用自行研制的摆锤冲击加载SHPB试验装置,通过改变锤头的形状和控制锤头的冲击速度,以获得与监测波形较为相似的加载波形,对取自-680 m中段花岗岩试样进行动态巴西盘试验。研究结果表明:花岗岩的动态抗拉强度随着冲击速度的增大而增大,并表现出明显的应变率效应。试样沿着加载直径方向呈现劈裂破坏模式,与入射杆、透射杆接触面处的"V"字型破坏区随着冲击速度的增大而趋于明显。所设计的试验装置为测试巷道围岩的动态破坏机理提供了一种有效的试验手段。
[Abstract]:In the process of mining, the surrounding rock is easy to be subjected to dynamic disturbance such as excavation blasting, resulting in instability and failure. For this reason, the blasting vibration signal of No. IV # orebody in Xincheng Gold Mine is monitored by Blast- UM blasting vibrometer, the monitoring signal is converted into stress waveform by wavelet transform technology, and the loading waveform similar to the monitoring waveform is obtained by changing the shape of hammer and controlling the impact velocity of hammer by using the pendulum impact loading SHPB test device developed by ourselves. The dynamic Brazilian disk test of granite samples from the middle section of-680m was carried out. The results show that the dynamic tensile strength of granite increases with the increase of impact velocity, and shows obvious strain rate effect. The specimen shows split failure mode along the direction of loading diameter, and the "V" shape failure zone at the contact surface with the incident rod and the transmission rod tends to be obvious with the increase of the impact velocity. The designed test device provides an effective test method for testing the dynamic failure mechanism of roadway surrounding rock.
【作者单位】：东北大学资源与土木工程学院;深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室;北京奥信化工科技发展有限责任公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51574060) “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2015BAB15B01)
【分类号】：TU457

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