基于GIS的灌区水资源管理信息系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 21:25

本文关键词：基于GIS的灌区水资源管理信息系统研究　出处：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水是人类生存的物质基础,也是社会经济可持续发展的重要保障,近年来随着人口的增长和社会经济的迅速发展使得水资源供需矛盾日益突出。如何让有限的水资源得到充分有效的利用是目前亟待解决的问题。在我国农业消耗占用水总量的80%,这其中灌溉用水是农业用水的主体,如何提高灌区用水效率是解决我国当前水资源短缺的关键。近几年随着大型灌区节水改造和续建配套等项目的实施,灌区水资源利用效率有了明显提高,但是这不能彻底改变灌区水资源利用效率低下的现状,只有运用现代化技术对水资源进行科学有效的管理,才能彻底实现水资源的可持续利用。传统的手工作业方法工作量大,并且水资源信息无法共享,导致灌区水资源信息管理效率低下,通过建立一个水资源管理信息系统可解决这些问题。通过对管理系统国内外研究现状进行整理分析,决定建立以GIS为平台的水资源信息管理系统,以提高灌区现代化水平,为灌区水资源高效利用提供支持。建立以GIS为基础的灌区水资源管理信息系统以及结合灌区实际情况对灌区基础信息系统数字化、系统化和可视化,提高了信息质量和可利用度,管理者获取了更多信息量,达到有效利用灌区水资源和缓解灌区水资源供需矛盾的目的,同时也为管理部门提供一种高效、可视化管理系统。本文以VisualBasic6.0语言、Matlab和MapObjects组件为主要开发工具,并应用Access数据库对GIS进行二次开发,在分析水资源管理信息系统、地理信息系统和基于GIS的灌区水资源管理信息系统国内外研究现状的基础上,对本文研究内容、研究方法的基本理论及方法进行了研究探讨,并对系统结构及数据库进行了设计以及对预测预报及水资源合理配置的原理方法进行了阐述。通过建立系统用户不仅可以对灌区水资源信息进行查询、管理、统计和分析,还可以联系灌区实际对灌区干旱年份、气候变化下灌区作物需水量变化、气候变化下灌溉需水量变化、灌溉日期和灌溉量进行预测,并通过建立模型对灌区广义水资源进行合理配置。系统通过对用户权限设置,使具有管理员权限的用户,可通过灌区信息对系统数据库信息进行实时更新,为用户及时全面掌握灌区各阶段的水资源信息提供依据。本文以人民胜利渠灌区为例建立系统。结果表明本系统的设计及模型的建立具有实用性和可行性,并对灌区水资源管理的研究实践做出贡献。
[Abstract]:Water is not only the material basis of human survival, but also an important guarantee for the sustainable development of social economy. With the growth of population and the rapid development of social economy in recent years, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become more and more prominent. How to make full and effective use of limited water resources is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Takes up 80% of the total amount of water. Irrigation water is the main body of agricultural water use, how to improve the efficiency of water use in irrigation areas is the key to solve the current water shortage in China. The utilization efficiency of water resources in irrigation district has been obviously improved, but this can not completely change the current situation of low efficiency of water resources utilization in irrigation areas. Only the use of modern technology to carry out scientific and effective management of water resources. In order to realize the sustainable use of water resources completely, the traditional manual operation method has a large workload and water resources information can not be shared, resulting in low efficiency of water resources information management in irrigation areas. Through the establishment of a water resources management information system can solve these problems. Through the analysis of the domestic and foreign research status of the management system, it is decided to establish a water resources information management system based on GIS. In order to improve the modernization level of irrigation district, provide support for efficient utilization of water resources in irrigation district. The establishment of water resources management information system based on GIS and the digitization, systematization and visualization of irrigation area basic information system combined with the actual situation of irrigation district improved the quality and availability of information. Managers obtain more information to make effective use of water resources in irrigation areas and alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in irrigation areas. At the same time, it also provides an efficient and visual management system for management departments. In this paper, VisualBasic6.0 language Matlab and MapObjects components as the main development tools. The second development of GIS is carried out by using Access database, and the water resources management information system is analyzed. Based on the research status of GIS and irrigation area water resources management information system based on GIS, the research contents, basic theories and methods of this paper are discussed. The system structure and database are designed, and the principles and methods of forecasting and rational allocation of water resources are expounded. Not only can the users of the system query and manage the water resources information in irrigation area by establishing the system. Statistics and analysis can also be combined with the actual irrigation area drought year, climate change irrigation area crop water demand change, climate change irrigation water demand change, irrigation date and irrigation amount of forecast. Through the establishment of a model for rational allocation of general water resources in irrigation areas, the system can update the database information of the system through the information of irrigation district by setting the user rights. It provides the basis for the users to master the water resources information in every stage of irrigation district. This paper takes people's Shengli Canal Irrigation District as an example to establish the system. The results show that the design and model of the system are practical and feasible, and contribute to the research and practice of water resources management in irrigation area.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP311.52;S274;P208

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