从BIM实体模型自动提取多细节层次GIS表面模型的方法

发布时间：2018-01-27 03:11

本文关键词： 建筑信息模型(BIM) 三维地理信息系统(3DGIS) IFC CityGML LOD　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从数字城市到智慧城市升级的基本标志之一就是城市管理的精细化,这对城市空间室内、室外、地上、地下的一体化表达提出了前所未有的要求。由于城市立体环境很复杂,目前的测绘手段包括倾斜摄影测量、激光扫描、传统测绘等都很难有效获取建筑物内部的立体结构,城市三维地理信息系统(ThreeDimensional Geographic Information System,3DGIS)的室内信息相比室外信息仍然极度匮乏,难以满足日益增长的应用需求。近年来建筑信息模型(Building Information Model,BIM)技术快速发展,BIM模型精细程度高,特征参数化,语义信息丰富,对室内信息的描述十分精细,BIM模型精确的室内信息可作为三维GIS室内表达的重要数据源。本文针对BIM与GIS数据融合的关键技术难题,选取BIM领域的Industry Foundation Classes(IFC)标准,三维GIS领域采用城市地理标记语言(City Geography Markup Launguage,CityGML)标准,设计实现了从BIM实体模型自动提取多细节层次GIS表面模型的方法。本论文的主要研究内容如下:1.首先介绍本文的研究背景和研究意义,并总结国内外对BIM与GIS融合及IFC与CityGML映射提取的相关研究现状与发展趋势,在此基础上,提出本文的研究目的与研究内容,阐述本文研究的意义;2.针对IFC标准与CityGML标准各自几何、语义、结构的差异,研究IFC与CityGML数据映射的关键技术挑战;3.根据IFC与CityGML对建筑构件要素的不同定义,建立IFC与CityGMLLOD1-LOD4的语义映射关系,基于语义映射关系对IFC模型进行语义过滤;针对IFC与CityGML几何表达的巨大差异,设计几何重构算法,将IFC模型的几何信息重构为符合CityGML标准的几何信息,并根据CityGML建筑要素间的组织方式,对从IFC模型中提取的单个建筑构件的几何、语义信息进行几何语义重组织;同时设计CityGML LOD4到CityGML LOD1-LOD3的协调转换算法;4.基于 CityGML 应用领域扩展(Application Domain Extensions,ADE)机制对IFC模型的语义信息进行扩展,将从IFC模型中提取的属性信息、楼层信息扩展到CityGML模型中。
[Abstract]:One of the basic signs of upgrading from the digital city to the intelligent city is the refinement of urban management, which is about the interior, outdoor and ground of urban space. The integration of underground expression has put forward unprecedented requirements. Due to the complexity of urban three-dimensional environment, the current surveying and mapping methods include tilt photogrammetry and laser scanning. Traditional surveying and mapping are very difficult to effectively obtain the three-dimensional structure inside the building. Three dimensional Geographic Information System. 3DGIS-indoor information is still extremely scarce compared with outdoor information. Building Information Model (BIM) technology has developed rapidly in recent years. BIM model is of high precision, parameterization, rich semantic information, and the description of indoor information is very fine. The accurate indoor information of BIM model can be used as an important data source for 3D GIS indoor representation. This paper aims at the key technical problems of BIM and GIS data fusion. Select the Industry Foundation Class IFC standard for the BIM domain. In the field of 3D GIS, the standard of City Geography Markup launch GML is adopted. This paper designs and implements a method to automatically extract multi-detail hierarchical GIS surface model from BIM solid model. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1. Firstly, the research background and significance of this paper are introduced. And summarizes the domestic and foreign BIM and GIS fusion and IFC and CityGML mapping extraction related research status and development trends, on the basis of this, put forward the purpose and research content of this paper. Explain the significance of this study; 2. Aiming at the differences of geometry, semantics and structure between IFC standard and CityGML standard, the key technical challenges of IFC and CityGML data mapping are studied. 3. According to the different definitions of IFC and CityGML, the semantic mapping relationship between IFC and CityGMLLOD1-LOD4 is established. Semantic filtering of IFC model based on semantic mapping relationship; Aiming at the great difference between IFC and CityGML geometric representation, a geometric reconstruction algorithm is designed to reconstruct the geometric information of IFC model into geometric information in accordance with CityGML standard. According to the organization mode of CityGML building elements, the geometric and semantic information of single building component extracted from IFC model is reorganized. At the same time, the coordinated conversion algorithm from CityGML LOD4 to CityGML LOD1-LOD3 is designed. 4. Extend Application Domain Extensions based on CityGML application domain. Ade) extends the semantic information of the IFC model and extends the attribute information extracted from the IFC model and the floor information to the CityGML model.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P208

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