基于GPS的超高桥墩形变监测与数据分析

发布时间：2018-01-27 14:52

本文关键词： GPS 变形监测超高桥墩自振信号　出处：《长沙理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国西部地区交通建设的快速发展，越来越多的高桥墩大跨连续刚构桥被采用。由于地形等因素的影响，此类桥梁的桥墩高度普遍较高。因此,在施工过程中，，高桥墩易受温度和风力等因素的影响，其墩顶变形量也会随着高度的增加而加剧。由于桥墩变形会对整个桥梁的结构受力和使用安全产生很大影响。因此,对桥墩的变形监测是非常有必要的。经过多年发展，GPS变形监测技术已经在高大结构物监测方面取得了突破性的进展，能很好的完成高大结构物的变形监测。但GPS变形监测技术所获取的观测数据序列需要经过有效的处理才能满足变形监测的需要。因此，本文以赫章特大桥超高桥墩的GPS变形监测为依托，针对其在实施变形监测和数据处理时所面对的问题，作了以下几个方面的研究： 1、在阅读大量已有文献资料的基础上，对引起超高桥墩变形的因素进行了总结与具体阐述。同时根据桥墩监测的要求与目的，从超高桥墩结构监测与几何监测两个方面具体论述了目前常用的监测方法与项目。 2、采用动态轨迹估计法处理所获取GPS变形观测数据。对变形监测数据进行分析并得到GPS观测数据主要受多路径误差、风振和日照等因素的影响，同时结合赫章特大桥超高桥墩的具体实际环境，具体分析了各因素对高桥墩变形影响的特性。 3、针对GPS变形监测数据的预处理，研究利用TEQC+QCVIEW32方法消除多路径效应影响显著的数据段，并且分析利用一阶差分法和小波分析法对数据进行粗差探测的优劣。研究利用快速傅里叶变换（FFT）获取超高桥墩的主频所在的频段，并利用小波分析得到超高桥墩的自振信号和频谱特性，掌握了超高桥墩的健康状况。最后结合GPS与TCA2003所监测的数据，分析并总结了超高桥墩的变形规律及其变形原因，为超高桥墩的施工控制提供依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of traffic construction in western China, more and more long-span continuous rigid frame bridges with high piers have been adopted. Due to the influence of terrain and other factors, the pier height of such bridges is generally high. In the process of construction, the high pier is easily affected by temperature and wind. The deformation at the top of the pier will also be aggravated with the increase of height. Because the deformation of the pier will have a great impact on the structural stress and safety of the whole bridge. It is very necessary to monitor the deformation of bridge piers. After years of development, GPS deformation monitoring technology has made a breakthrough in the monitoring of tall structures. Deformation monitoring of tall structures can be completed very well, but the observation data sequence obtained by GPS deformation monitoring technology needs to be effectively processed to meet the needs of deformation monitoring. In this paper, based on the GPS deformation monitoring of the super high pier of Hezhang Bridge, the following aspects are studied in view of the problems it faces in the implementation of deformation monitoring and data processing. 1. On the basis of reading a large number of existing documents, the factors causing deformation of super-high piers are summarized and concretely expounded. At the same time, according to the requirements and purposes of pier monitoring. The monitoring methods and items commonly used at present are discussed in detail from the two aspects of structural monitoring and geometric monitoring of super-high piers. 2. The GPS deformation observation data are processed by dynamic trajectory estimation method. The deformation monitoring data are analyzed and the GPS observation data are mainly affected by multipath error, wind vibration and sunshine. At the same time, combined with the actual environment of the super high pier of Hezhang super bridge, the influence of various factors on the deformation of the high pier is analyzed in detail. 3. Aiming at the pre-processing of GPS deformation monitoring data, the TEQC QCVIEW32 method is used to eliminate the significant multi-path effect data segments. The advantages and disadvantages of the first order difference method and wavelet analysis to detect gross error of the data are analyzed. The frequency band of the main frequency of the super high bridge pier is obtained by using fast Fourier transform (FFT). Wavelet analysis is used to obtain the natural vibration signal and spectrum characteristics of the super-high pier, and the health status of the super-high pier is mastered. Finally, the data monitored by GPS and TCA2003 are combined. This paper analyzes and summarizes the deformation law of super high bridge pier and its causes, which provides the basis for construction control of super high bridge pier.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4;U446

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