多旋翼无人机堆状体航空摄影测量

发布时间：2018-01-30 16:34

本文关键词： 无人机堆状体数字摄影测量空三加密　出处：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：企业为了保证连续生产和运营,需要存储一定数量的原料,大量原料的堆积会形成规模较大的不规则堆状体。大型堆积物料体测量技术为相关能源企业的库存量管理提供必要的信息,对于维护安全库存量和降低库存成本有着重要的意义。企业堆放物料面积通常都可达上百公顷,企业需要对的库存量以及出入库情况进行实时监测从而加以控制。对库存量进行统计是企业在生产管理的一个重要的组成部分。因此,企业急需测绘比较容易且不会干扰到企业常规生产流程的一种全自动、高精度、高效率、低成本的堆状体测量系统。近年来无人机技术飞速发展,其全自动、便捷性、高效性等的特点日益突出,在测绘领域也得到了广泛的应用。本文运用无人机低空摄影测量技术理论、无人机影像成图关键技术、堆状体测量系统方案作为指导,进行基于无人机堆状体测量的可行性分析。其次结合项目研究需要,共设计了五种不同的布设方案进行空三像控点布设试验。分别对空三加密作业后已设计的五种布设方案的平差结果进行精度的分析研究,得出最佳布设方案。结合铜川某电厂煤堆体进行无人机低空摄影测量试验。通过对该煤堆体的量测,完成对该测区的影像成果的制作并进行成图精度对比分析。从而验证了基于无人机堆状体航空摄影测量的这一课题的实用性、高效性、可行性和未来巨大的发展潜力。本文通过空三像控点布设试验解决了堆状体中间区域像控点难布设的问题。针对堆状体不规则特性利用数字摄影技术获取数据进行点云数据的生成建立三维空间模型,对堆状体进行量算。结合无人机堆状体测量可行性分析与铜川某电厂煤堆体测量精度分析,最后提出了基于无人机、数字摄影测量和惯性导航技术的大型堆状体测量系统解决方案,从而为以后的生产实践提供有力的参考意义和研究价值。该方案在大地测绘、国土资源、救灾防护中都有推广应用的前景。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure continuous production and operation, enterprises need to store a certain amount of raw materials. A large amount of raw materials will form a large amount of irregular heaps. The measurement technology of large bulk materials provides the necessary information for the inventory management of related energy enterprises. It is of great significance to maintain the safe inventory and reduce the cost of inventory. The area of materials stacked in enterprises is usually up to hundreds of hectares. Enterprises need to monitor the inventory and the situation in and out of the warehouse in real time to control the inventory. The inventory statistics is an important part of the production management of the enterprise. Enterprise is in urgent need of mapping easy and will not interfere with the enterprise routine production process of a fully automatic, high precision, high efficiency, low cost of pile measurement system. In recent years, UAV technology has developed rapidly, its automatic. The characteristics of convenience and efficiency have become increasingly prominent and have been widely used in the field of surveying and mapping. In this paper, the key technology of UAV image mapping is based on the theory of low-altitude photogrammetry of UAV. Under the guidance of the stacks measurement system scheme, the feasibility analysis based on UAV stacks measurement is carried out. Secondly, combined with the research needs of the project. A total of five different layout schemes were designed to carry out the space three image control point placement test. The accuracy of the adjustment results of the five kinds of layout schemes designed after the air three encryption operation were analyzed and studied respectively. The optimal layout scheme is obtained. The low altitude photogrammetry test of UAV is carried out by combining the coal mass of a power plant in Tongchuan. The measurement of the coal mass is carried out. The image results of this area are made and the accuracy of mapping is compared and analyzed, which verifies the practicability and efficiency of this subject based on aerial photogrammetry of pilotless aircraft. The feasibility and great development potential in the future. This paper solves the problem of difficult placement of image control points in the middle region of heaps by means of space tri-image control point placement test. Digital photography is used to obtain data entry in view of the irregular characteristics of heaps. The generation of line point cloud data establishes a three-dimensional spatial model. Combined with the feasibility analysis of UAV stacks measurement and the analysis of measurement accuracy of coal heaps in a power plant in Tongchuan, a UAV based on UAV is put forward. The solution of digital photogrammetry and inertial navigation technology for large-scale stacks measurement system, thus providing a powerful reference and research value for future production practice. This scheme is used in geodesy, land and resources. There is a prospect of popularization and application in disaster relief and protection.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P231

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