基于GIS商场火灾风险预警系统的设计与开发

发布时间：2018-02-20 02:46

本文关键词： 商场火灾风险预警地理信息系统　出处：《中国地质大学（北京）》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代社会经济的迅速发展，城市化进程迅速加快，伴随城市而衍生的大型商场也如雨后春笋般迅速涌现。大型商场集成休闲、娱乐、购物、餐饮为一体，一方面，它方便了人们的生活，为人们提供了巨大的便利。另一方面，由于大型商场的可燃物多、人员密集、电气线路复杂繁多，尤其地下商场，逃生通道少、狭窄。一旦大型商场发生火灾将造成不可估量的灾害，近年来，大型商场的火灾事故比比皆是，人们在享受现代高质量物质生活的同时，不得不反思，商场火灾的预防，预警控制。因此，引进先进的技术，结合先进的安全管理手段、火灾风险评估理论，制定出一套切实可行商场火灾风险预警系统是现在的当务之急。本文根据商场客户的实际需求，进行了系统总体的方案设计，设计了火灾风险预警模块，并且提出了预警模块中各个应用功能，以及商场地图的查询、闪烁、浏览、链接等。本文根据火灾风险预警的要求，针对商场火灾的危险特性，运用古斯塔夫平面法，分析计算商场建筑物本身的危险性（GR）与建筑物内人员和物质的危险性（IR），根据分析结果，，对商场的火灾风险分区进行风险等级的划分。划分出高风险区域需要自动灭火和自动报警的双重保护，低风险区域只需自动报警，临界安全区域需要自动灭火，不需要保护的安全区域。根据商场的火灾风险分区，本文结合GIS的二次开发技术，在VB平台下，搭建了基于GIS的火灾风险预警系统，详细的说明了系统的属性数据和空间数据实现过程，以及VB开发过程中需要注意的图层、数据等问题。为以后GIS技术研究者提供了有力的技术支持。本文为商场现场人员提供了可以预防火灾事故的火灾风险预警系统。满足了客户的需求，为客户预防事故提供了便利。为客户日常的商场信息查询提供了方便，为用户进行商场的安全管理提供了查询的依据，做到有章可循，有法可依。本系统具有操作简便、信息查询方便快捷、功能强大等特点，为今后商场火灾风险预警的信息化、科学化提供了切实的技术基础。为以后的开发者提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern society and economy, the process of urbanization is speeding up rapidly, and the large-scale shopping malls are springing up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain. On the one hand, large-scale shopping malls integrate leisure, entertainment, shopping and catering as one body, on the one hand, It facilitates people's lives and provides great convenience for people. On the other hand, because of the large shopping malls with a lot of combustible materials, dense personnel, complicated electrical wiring, especially underground shopping malls, there are few escape routes. Once a large-scale mall fire will cause incalculable disaster, in recent years, large-scale shopping mall fire accidents abound, people enjoy modern high-quality material life at the same time, have to reflect on the prevention of market fires, Therefore, it is urgent to introduce advanced technology, combined with advanced means of safety management and fire risk assessment theory, to formulate a set of feasible forewarning system for fire risk in shopping malls. According to the actual needs of the customers, this paper designs the overall scheme of the system, designs the fire risk warning module, and puts forward the application functions of the early warning module, as well as the query, flicker, browse, link and so on. In this paper, according to the requirement of fire risk warning, according to the dangerous characteristic of market fire, using Gustav plane method, the author analyzes and calculates the danger of the building itself and the danger of persons and materials in the building, and according to the result of the analysis, The division of fire risk zone of shopping mall is divided into high risk area which needs double protection of automatic fire extinguishing and automatic alarm, low risk area only need automatic alarm, critical safety area needs automatic fire extinguishing, A secure area that does not require protection. According to the fire risk partition of the shopping mall, combining with the secondary development technology of GIS, a fire risk early warning system based on GIS is built under VB platform, and the realization process of attribute data and spatial data of the system is explained in detail. And the drawing layer, data and so on, which need attention in the process of VB development, provided the powerful technical support for the future GIS technical researchers. This paper provides a fire risk early warning system which can prevent the fire accident for the field personnel of the shopping mall. It meets the needs of the customer, provides the convenience for the customer to prevent the accident, and provides the convenience for the customer's daily information inquiry in the market. For the user to conduct the security management of shopping malls to provide the basis for inquiry, so that there are rules to follow, there are laws to abide by. The system has the characteristics of simple operation, convenient information query and powerful function. It provides a practical technical basis for the forewarning of market fire risk in the future, and provides a theoretical basis for future developers.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;X932;TP311.52

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