矿区建筑物（构筑物）三维变形监测研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 13:04

本文关键词： 三维激光扫描技术变形监测 Cyclone 三维建模误差分析　出处：《江苏师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：矿区建筑物或构筑物变形监测是保证矿山安全开采的一项重要内容，传统变形监测方法效率低、安全性低、人力及时间耗费多。三维激光扫描技术具有扫描速度快、效率高及非接触的特点，能够保证作业人员的安全，并能获得海量的目标点云数据。本文将三维激光扫描技术应用于建筑物变形监测中，充分利用其技术优势，对祁东煤矿主井井架进行扫描，获取了海量点云观测数据，并对观测数据进行拼接、建模，在此基础上对矿区井架进行了变形监测的研究，取得成果如下： 1、结合国内外现有研究成果，制定了适合祁东煤矿主井井架变形监测的技术方案及数据预处理的步骤，并针对本文获得的井架数据找到了合适的分析算法。 2、在处理好的点云数据中，根据变形监测的要求，提取特征点用于比较两期数据之间特征点的沉陷变化量和平面位移变化量，计算斜率比较脚架之间角度变化量，并绘制图表以直观显示。 3、对计算结果进行误差分析，分析研究了三维激光扫描技术的主要误差来源及其减小误差的措施。根据本文处理结果得到如下结论：三维激光扫描技术能够应用于变形监测中，能提高工作效率，，数据量也比传统的变形监测详细，但是其精度还不能够满足变形监测的要求，还需在硬件和软件方面加以深入研究，以克服以上问题。
[Abstract]:Deformation monitoring of buildings or structures in mining area is an important part of mine safety mining. The traditional deformation monitoring methods are inefficient, low safety, labor and time consuming. 3D laser scanning technology has a fast scanning speed. The characteristics of high efficiency and non-contact can ensure the safety of operators and obtain massive target point cloud data. In this paper, the 3D laser scanning technology is applied to the deformation monitoring of buildings, and the main well Derrick of Qidong Coal Mine is scanned by making full use of its technical advantages. The massive observation data of point cloud are obtained, and the observed data are jointed and modeled. On this basis, the deformation monitoring of mine Derrick is studied, and the results are as follows:. 1. Based on the existing research results at home and abroad, the technical scheme and data preprocessing steps for monitoring the deformation of main shaft Derrick in Qidong Coal Mine are established, and an appropriate analysis algorithm is found for the Derrick data obtained in this paper. 2. In the processed point cloud data, according to the requirements of deformation monitoring, the feature points are extracted to compare the changes of subsidence and plane displacement between the feature points of the two periods of data, and to calculate the angle changes between the scaffolding compared with the slope. And draw the chart to visualize the display. 3. The error analysis of the calculation results is carried out, and the main error sources of the 3D laser scanning technology and the measures to reduce the errors are analyzed and studied. According to the results of this paper, the following conclusions are obtained: 3D laser scanning technology can be used in deformation monitoring, can improve the working efficiency, and the amount of data is more detailed than the traditional deformation monitoring, but its accuracy can not meet the requirements of deformation monitoring. Further research on hardware and software is needed to overcome the above problems.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD325;TD17

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