基于GIS的人民胜利渠灌区渠系优化配水系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 10:25

本文选题：渠系优化配水　切入点：遗传算法　出处：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：节水灌溉是灌区现代化发展程度的一个重要标志。在灌区来水量一定的情况下,准确计算灌区内作物需水量,制定科学合理的灌区作物配水方案对提高灌区水资源利用效率和灌区可持续发展具有重要意义。在灌区某次配水过程中,如何把有限的水量通过灌区各级渠系统筹分配到田间直接关系到水量损失程度和配水效果。渠系优化配水是针对某次灌水来水量不足的情况下,对灌溉轮灌组组合进行优化,使整个配水过程时间最短或者灌区灌溉效益达到最大化。人民胜利渠灌区渠系优化配水系统的设计与实现可以根据不同灌溉要求计算生成相应的配水方案,为灌区科学灌溉提供重要的技术支持。本文在充分分析以往灌区渠系优化配水模型设计基础上,以整个输水过程时间最短和轮灌组持续引水时间差异最小为双目标函数建立渠系优化配水模型。在模型求解过程中,针对用于求解双目标函数算法设计复杂的问题,提出采用层次分析法确定双目标函数各自的权重系数,然后根据各目标权重系数把双目标函数转化为单目标函数,并通过设计遗传算法程序对其进行求解,得到了较为合理的灌区轮灌组划分组合。在模型优化结果分析部分,通过将本文模型优化结果与前人研究结果对比分析来验证本文模型的精度以及合理性。本文在人民胜利渠灌区灌溉业务需求的基础上,设计实现了人民胜利渠灌区渠系优化配水信息管理系统。该系统集成了GIS地图操作,信息管理和渠系优化配水模型计算等功能,可实现灌区地图数据的显示、缩放和漫游等基本地图操作功能；可实现灌区图形数据和属性数据交互查询；可实现灌区基础信息数据浏览和编辑；可实现灌区基础数据的统计分析功能；可实现数据库备份与恢复功能；可实现灌区作物需水量的计算和引水口引水时间的确定；通过输入模型参数,可自动生成优化配水方案,为灌区制定节水灌溉方案提供决策依据。
[Abstract]:Water-saving irrigation is an important indicator of the degree of modernization of irrigation district. It is of great significance to establish scientific and reasonable crop water distribution scheme for improving the efficiency of water resources utilization and the sustainable development of irrigation district. How to allocate the limited amount of water to the field directly through all levels of canal system in irrigation area is directly related to the degree of water loss and the effect of water distribution. The optimal water distribution of canal system is to optimize the combination of irrigation rotation irrigation group under the condition of insufficient irrigation water supply. The design and realization of optimal distribution system of canal system in Rensheng Canal Irrigation District can be calculated according to different irrigation requirements and the corresponding water distribution scheme can be generated. It provides important technical support for scientific irrigation in irrigation area. On the basis of fully analyzing the design of optimal water distribution model of canal system in irrigation area in the past, the optimal water distribution model of canal system is established by taking the shortest time of the whole water conveyance process and the minimum difference of the continuous diversion time of the rotation irrigation group as the dual objective function, and in the course of solving the model, the optimal water distribution model of the canal system is established. In order to solve the complex problem of two-objective function algorithm design, this paper proposes to use analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight coefficients of the two-objective function, and then to transform the two-objective function into a single-objective function according to the weight coefficients of each objective. By designing a genetic algorithm program to solve the problem, a reasonable combination of rotation irrigation group in irrigation area is obtained. In the part of model optimization analysis, The accuracy and reasonableness of the model are verified by comparing the results of the model optimization and previous studies. Based on the demand of irrigation business in the people's Shengli Canal Irrigation District, this paper designs and implements the optimal water distribution information management system for the canal system of the people's Shengli Canal Irrigation District. The system integrates the operation of GIS map. The functions of information management and the calculation of water distribution model of canal system can realize the basic map operation functions, such as displaying, zooming and roaming of the map data of irrigation area, and can realize the interactive query of graph data and attribute data of irrigation area. It can realize browsing and editing of basic information data of irrigation district, statistical analysis function of basic data of irrigation district, backup and recovery function of database, calculation of crop water requirement and determination of diversion time of irrigation area. By inputting the parameters of the model, the optimal water distribution scheme can be generated automatically, which provides the decision basis for the formulation of water-saving irrigation scheme in irrigation area.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;S274

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