伸缩仪和水管仪测试与实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 08:40

本文选题：形变仪器　切入点：检测装置　出处：《中国地震局地震研究所》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地形变测量是研究地壳形变及其固体潮的一种重要手段，它对地球动力学研究和地震前兆观测都具有重要意义。本文主要设计了伸缩仪和水管仪检测装置，用于检测形变仪器的输入输出信号。检测装置测试的目的就是为了确定形变仪器的灵敏度和传递函数关键指标，既为地壳形变观测方法标准制定提供依据，也为形变仪器测试技术研究开拓道路。实验过程中，对地壳形变仪器中的伸缩仪和水管仪实验数据进行数据处理与分析。在系统辨识数据处理时提出一种更高精度的辨识方法，并与传统辨识方法比较，分析了误差。获得仪器系统传递函数后，本文对仪器的幅相特性进行了分析，得出仪器系统通频带及过渡带的频带范围，为仪器采样率的确定提供理论依据。在仪器频带范围内选取了二十四个频率点信号，进行地动信号的模拟仿真，得出其原始信号图及功率谱图。然后对原始信号源数据通过不同采样率进行采样，，对采样数据进行功率谱分析。利用功率谱，分析了引起“假频”信号的原因，并且确定采样结果中“假频”信号的频率。由于本文所设计的检测装置不能够提供正弦信号标定，因此本文对地壳形变仪器的测试与实验主要在时域上进行研究。对于地壳形变仪器频域上的研究工作，将是未来研究的重点。
[Abstract]:Earth deformation measurement is an important means to study crustal deformation and solid tide. It is of great significance for geodynamics research and earthquake precursor observation. In this paper, we mainly design the measuring device of telescopic instrument and water pipe instrument, which is used to detect the input and output signal of deformation instrument. The purpose of testing device is to determine the sensitivity and key index of transfer function of deformation instrument. It not only provides the basis for establishing the standard of crustal deformation observation method, but also opens the way for the research of deformation instrument testing technology. In the course of experiment, the experimental data of extensometer and plumbing instrument in crustal deformation instrument are processed and analyzed. A more accurate identification method is proposed in the process of system identification data processing, and compared with the traditional identification method. The error is analyzed. After obtaining the transfer function of the instrument system, the amplitude and phase characteristics of the instrument are analyzed in this paper, and the frequency band range of the pass band and the transition band of the instrument system is obtained, which provides the theoretical basis for the determination of the sampling rate of the instrument. Twenty-four frequency point signals are selected in the frequency band of the instrument to simulate the ground motion signal, and the original signal diagram and power spectrum diagram are obtained. Then the original signal source data are sampled at different sampling rates. This paper analyzes the power spectrum of the sampled data, analyzes the causes of the "false frequency" signal, and determines the frequency of the "false frequency" signal in the sampling result. Because the detection device designed in this paper can not provide sinusoidal signal calibration, the testing and experiment of crustal deformation instruments are mainly studied in time domain. Will be the focus of future research.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局地震研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P227

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