基于IFC和CityGML的建筑空间信息共享研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 13:38

本文选题：IFC　切入点：CityGML　出处：《北京建筑大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：人们越来越多要求从真三维实体解决问题，，但三维GIS里的建筑三维模型大多为表面模型，不能进入建筑室内进行信息查询分析。建立建筑真三维模型，必须获取建筑详细的空间信息，常规的测量手段如利用全站仪测量来获取这些信息，其工作量巨大且难以实现。建筑设计三维模型包含了建筑的房间布局、楼梯位置以及建筑构件详细的几何、物理、位置等空间信息。如果把建筑设计三维模型信息融入到GIS，这样既能从真三维建筑上进行GIS分析，又能节省测量工作，降低空间信息采集成本。建筑三维设计软件分为支持IFC标准和不支持IFC标准两类，本文把这两类软件设计的建筑三维模型信息传递到CityGML，实现三维GIS里建筑空间信息的真三维分析。以下是本文主要进行的工作： 1.分析IFC和CityGML模型文件架构，研究这两种数据模型的编码规则。在第三方软件的开发平台中，把IFC整体模型分解为多个模型元素并与CityGML建立语义映射，把IFC模型空间信息传递共享到CityGML。 2.根据CityGML模型文件架构，开发了具有简单功能的客户端浏览器，通过对实例CityGML模型文件的解析和三维显示，验证了架构分析方法。 3.在第三方软件的平台上，把SketchUp设计的建筑三维模型分层进行语义描述并与CityGML建立语义映射，通过语义传递把SketchUp模型信息传递到CityGML，实现建筑设计模型信息与地理模型的共享。 4.结合北京市通州区马驹桥某高层建筑的设计图，用SketchUP对该建筑三维建模；依据室内家具效果图，对家具以及楼梯三维建模；根据建筑所在区域影像，对区域环境建模，包括相邻建筑以及树木三维建模；把该区域模型信息传递到CityGML，通过建筑空间信息与其周围地理环境的共享，在客户端浏览器进行建筑室内和室外三维空间分析。
[Abstract]:More and more people want to solve the problem from the true three-dimensional entity, but most of the three-dimensional building models in three-dimensional GIS are surface models, so they can not enter the building room for information query and analysis. It is necessary to obtain the detailed spatial information of the building. The traditional survey methods, such as the use of total station survey to obtain these information, have a huge workload and are difficult to realize. The three-dimensional model of the architectural design contains the layout of the building's rooms. The location of the staircase and the detailed geometric, physical, location and other spatial information of the building components. If the three-dimensional model information of architectural design is integrated into GIS, it can not only analyze the GIS from the true three-dimensional architecture, but also save the measurement work. To reduce the cost of spatial information collection. Building 3D design software can be divided into two categories: supporting IFC standard and not supporting IFC standard. In this paper, the information of building 3D model designed by these two kinds of software is transferred to CityGML, and the true three-dimensional analysis of architectural spatial information in 3D GIS is realized. The following are the main tasks of this paper:. 1. Analyze the IFC and CityGML model file architecture, study the encoding rules of these two data models. In the third-party software development platform, decompose the whole IFC model into several model elements and establish semantic mapping with CityGML. The spatial information of IFC model is shared with CityGML. 2. According to the CityGML model file architecture, the client browser with simple function is developed. The analysis method of the architecture is verified by parsing and displaying the instance CityGML model file. 3. On the platform of the third party software, the building 3D model designed by SketchUp is stratified into semantic description and set up semantic mapping with CityGML. The information of SketchUp model is transferred to CityGML through semantic transfer to realize the sharing of architectural design model information and geographical model. 4. According to the design drawing of a tall building in Majuqiao, Tongzhou District, Beijing, the three-dimensional model of the building is built with SketchUP; the furniture and staircase are modeled according to the indoor furniture effect diagram; the regional environment is modeled according to the image of the area where the building is located. It includes the 3D modeling of adjacent buildings and trees, the transfer of the regional model information to CityGML. through the sharing of building space information with its surrounding geographical environment, the three-dimensional spatial analysis of the building interior and exterior is carried out in the client browser.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TU201.4

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