矿山测量中平面坐标系统建立方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 18:30

本文选题：矿山测量　切入点：矿井联系测量　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的飞速发展,我们国家对煤矿等资源的需求亦在日益增加,然而,伴随着矿难的频频发生,无时不为我们敲响警钟。因此,对煤炭开采过程中平面坐标系统精确建立的要求也越来越高。矿山井下开采过程中的井上下联系测量、平面控制测量等成果的精度又直接与矿山安全和经济效益相关,所以,论文主要对矿井联系测量内业解算及对井下加测陀螺边平面控制测量数据处理的进行了如下分析:对于矿井联系测量中的一井几何定向、两井几何定向、一立井采用陀螺经纬仪定向的作业方法及过程进行了详细的阐述;然后借助Matlab软件和AutoCAD软件实现了基于间接平差的一井定向、两井定向的内业解算算法及实现陀螺经纬仪定向的内业解算,对《矿山测量学》课本上的内业解算方法进行优化,用仿真数据进行验证,达到了提高矿井联系测量内业解算的效率与精度的目的;最后,根据实现的内业解算算法,在Visual Studio 2015平台下基于C#语言实现矿井定向系统软件的开发。论文针对井下平面控制测量的数据处理做了大量的研究工作。首先详细推导了将陀螺方位角作为观测值的严密平差模型,并给出不加测陀螺边经验定权及加测陀螺边后作为坚强边、经验定权、基于网型结构的自适应定权(文献[7]方法)、Helmert方差分量估计五种不同定权方法。其次,通过对仿真的三组不同方向直伸型附合导线进行平差处理。分析导线数据处理结果可知,直伸型附合导线中加测陀螺边可提高导线的点位精度,其中对于单一附合导线的平差处理采用经验定权法综合精度最高,因此,对于单一附合加测陀螺边导线的随机模型应首选经验定权法。对于采用相同仿真观测数据的多余观测数不同的闭合导线进行数据处理。结果发现,无重复点的闭合导线中,100组仿真数据中Helmert定权法出现负方差的有88组,能满足迭代收敛的仅为12组,且精度较差。而待定点全部重合和部分重合时,迭代收敛的分别有84组和83组,且综合精度为几组定权方法中精度最高的,综上所述,认为多余观测数量多时才能较好满足验后方差估计的可估条件,这时利用Helmert验后方差分量估计定权得到的平差结果才更加可靠。最后,通过井东煤业工程实例进行数据处理,对比不同定权方法的精度,验证了在多余观测量较多的情况下,Helmert方差分量估计定权法的优越性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, our country's demand for coal and other resources is also increasing day by day. However, with the frequent occurrence of mine accidents, it always rings the alarm for us. The requirements for the precise establishment of the plane coordinate system in the coal mining process are also becoming more and more high. The accuracy of the results in the downhole mining process is directly related to mine safety and economic benefits, so the precision of the results in the downhole mining process is directly related to mine safety and economic benefits. This paper mainly analyzes the solution of mine contact measurement and the data processing of plane control measurement with gyroscope: for one well geometry orientation, two wells geometry orientation in mine contact measurement. The working method and process of a vertical well orientation with gyrotheodolite are described in detail, and then the orientation of a well based on indirect adjustment is realized by means of Matlab software and AutoCAD software. The method of calculating the orientation of two wells and the method of realizing the orientation of gyroscope theodolite are used to optimize the method of calculating the inner work in the textbook of Mine surveying, and the simulation data are used to verify the method. The purpose of improving the efficiency and precision of the calculation of mine contact survey is achieved. Finally, according to the realized algorithm, The software of mine orientation system is developed on the platform of Visual Studio 2015 based on C # language. In this paper, a lot of research work has been done on the data processing of underground plane control measurement. Firstly, the gyroscope azimuth angle is deduced in detail as observation. A rigorous adjustment model of the. In addition, the empirical weight estimation of gyroscope edge without measurement and that of gyroscope edge as strong edge, empirical weight determination, and adaptive weight estimation based on net-type structure are given. ([7] method for estimating Helmert variance component is presented. By analyzing the data processing results of three groups of straight extension attachment conductors in different directions, it can be seen that the gyroscope edge can improve the point position accuracy of the wire. Among them, the empirical weight method is the most accurate method for the adjustment of single attached conductors. The empirical weight method is the first choice for the random model of single attached gyroscope edge traverse. The closed traverse with different redundant observations with the same simulated observation data is processed. The results show that, In the simulation data of 100 groups of closed traverse without repetition point, 88 groups have negative square difference of Helmert weight method, only 12 groups can satisfy iterative convergence, and the accuracy is poor, but when all the fixed points are overlapped and partially overlapped, There are 84 groups and 83 groups of iterative convergences, respectively, and the synthetic accuracy is the highest among several groups of weight determination methods. In conclusion, it is considered that the estimable condition of the estimation of posterior variance can be satisfied better when the number of redundant observations is large. At this time, the adjustment results obtained by using Helmert variance component estimation to determine weights are more reliable. Finally, the accuracy of different weighting methods is compared through the data processing of Jingdong Coal Industry Project. The superiority of Helmert variance component estimation method is verified under the condition of more redundant observations.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD17

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