动态精密单点定位技术与应用

发布时间：2018-03-29 00:18

本文选题：全球定位系统　切入点：动态精密单点定位　出处：《西安科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：动态精密单点定位技术是一种新的GPS精密单点定位方式，其原理是利用IGS(In-ternational GNSS Service）精密星历和精密钟差对单台GPS双频接收机的观测数据进行动态非差处理，以达到高精度的动态定位。由于它具有独立、灵活和高精度的特点，所以，动态精密单点定位技术在高精度动态应用领域有着广泛的应用价值。本文对动态精密单点定位技术进行了如下研究：（1）详细阐述了动态精密单点定位理论基础，包括定位原理、数学模型、观测方程的线性组合等。其中重点介绍了精密单点定位常用的三种数学模型，并作了分析对比。（2）由于动态精密单点定位采用的是动态非差处理方法，因此，不能通过差分消除误差影响。本文深入分析了GPS精密单点定位中与卫星有关的误差、与测站有关的误差、与信号传播有关的误差等一般误差影响及消除或削弱的方法，并且还分析了接收机天线高及相位中心改正、卫星天线相位中心改正、天线相位缠绕改正等应特别考虑的误差改正项。（3）介绍了高精度GPS数据处理软件Bernese5.0及CSRS-PPP系统，利用它们的动态单点定位模块对汶川地震时影响较大的IGS跟踪站数据进行解算分析，得出了静态模拟动态单点定位精度可以达到厘米级，，但是，解算1小时数据，其瞬时坐标解精度为分米级，而且不太稳定。（4）介绍了GPSTOOLS软件，并利用该软件和CSRS-PPP系统解算车载动态实验数据，结果表明动态定位精度达到分米级，而且受观测数据质量影响很大。
[Abstract]:Dynamic precise single point positioning is a new method of GPS precise single point positioning. Its principle is to use IGS(In-ternational GNSS Service precision ephemeris and precise clock difference to process the observation data of a single GPS double frequency receiver. In order to achieve high precision dynamic positioning. Because it has the characteristics of independence, flexibility and high precision, so, The dynamic precision single point positioning technology has wide application value in the high precision dynamic application field. In this paper, the dynamic precision single point positioning technology is studied as follows:. In this paper, the theoretical basis of dynamic precise single point positioning, including positioning principle, mathematical model and linear combination of observation equations, is described in detail. Three mathematical models commonly used in precision single point positioning are emphatically introduced, and analyzed and compared. 2) because the dynamic precision single point positioning adopts the dynamic non-difference processing method, the error influence can not be eliminated by the difference. This paper deeply analyzes the errors related to the satellite and the measurement station in the GPS precise single point positioning. The errors related to signal propagation and the methods to eliminate or weaken the errors are also analyzed. The receiver antenna height and phase center correction and satellite antenna phase center correction are also analyzed. Antenna phase winding correction and so on should consider the error correction item. The high precision GPS data processing software Bernese5.0 and CSRS-PPP system are introduced in this paper. Their dynamic single point positioning module is used to calculate and analyze the data of the IGS tracking station which has a great influence on the Wenchuan earthquake. It is concluded that the accuracy of static simulation single point positioning can reach centimeter order, but the instantaneous coordinate solution accuracy is decimeter order, and it is not very stable when the one-hour data is solved. The GPSTOOLS software is introduced, and the vehicle dynamic experimental data are calculated by using the software and CSRS-PPP system. The results show that the dynamic positioning accuracy reaches the decimeter level and is greatly affected by the quality of the observed data.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P228.4

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