基于数字摄影测量原理的桥梁健康监测方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 14:19

本文选题：数字摄影测量　切入点：车辆荷载作用　出处：《广州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥梁结构健康状态监测是桥梁运营维护中非常重要的环节。桥梁挠度和位移是评价桥梁结构健康状态最基本的两个指标。而现有测量方法中有的测量方法需要大量的人工操作来获取桥梁结构的位移和挠度变形；有的则精度达不到桥梁结构动态监测的要求。所以，目前大多数桥梁结构健康监测基本未实现长期实时动态监测。研究其原因发现，造成现在桥梁未能实现长期实时动态监测的重要原因就是目前绝大多数测量手段存在先天性不足，难以进行桥梁结构的实时动态监测。本文采用了基于数字摄影测量技术原理的测量方法对平潭海峡大桥结构进行了长期实时监测，取得较为理想的结果。为桥梁结构长期实时动态监测找到了一种可靠的手段，，具有非常重要的现实意义。本文先介绍了基于数字摄影测量技术的桥梁位移或挠度测量的技术特点等，再结合工程应用——平潭海峡大桥主梁结构变形监测项目，运用基于数字摄影测量技术原理的多通道式远程微动测量系统对平潭海峡大桥主桥结构在车辆荷载作用下的响应进行实时动态观测。首先，通过分析不同荷载作用下平潭海峡大桥主梁结构竖直方向位移变化，总结出平潭海峡大桥主桥结构在车辆荷载作用下的挠度变化规律。然后，通过桥梁结构在车荷载作用下的响应分析了桥梁结构的冲击系数指标，并将测得的冲击系数与《JDG D60-2004公路桥涵设计通用规范》中对冲击系数的要求进行对比，评估了平潭海峡大桥结构健康状态。最后，还给出了车辆荷载作用下的桥梁结构响应挠度曲线、水平方向位移时程曲线、加速度谱等进一步说明该桥梁结构在车辆荷载作用下的动力响应特征。最后研究结果表明：基于数字摄影测量技术原理的平潭海峡大桥主梁变形监测系统为桥梁健康状态的评估提供了精准可靠的依据，也说明这种基于数字摄影测量技术的桥梁健康监测新方法能够满足桥梁结构健康监测的要求，适合大跨度桥梁结构变形长期实时动态监测，为桥梁长期监测提供了一种便捷、精准的方法，具有极高的工程推广价值。
[Abstract]:Bridge structure health monitoring is a very important link in bridge operation and maintenance. Bridge deflection and displacement are the two most basic indexes to evaluate bridge structure health. The displacement and deflection of bridge structure can be obtained by manual operation. Some of them can not meet the requirements of bridge structure dynamic monitoring. Therefore, most of the bridge structure health monitoring has not realized the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring. The main reason why the bridge is unable to realize the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring is that most of the current measurement methods are inherently inadequate. It is difficult to carry out real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge structure. In this paper, based on the principle of digital photogrammetry, the structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge is monitored in real time. It is of great practical significance to find a reliable method for the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge structure. This paper first introduces the technical characteristics of bridge displacement or deflection measurement based on digital photogrammetry, and then combines the engineering application of the main girder structure deformation monitoring project of Pingtan Strait Bridge. The multichannel remote fretting measurement system based on the principle of digital photogrammetry is used to observe the response of the main bridge structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge under vehicle load. By analyzing the vertical displacement change of the main beam structure of Pingtan Strait Bridge under different loads, the deflection of the main bridge structure under vehicle load is summarized. According to the response of bridge structure under vehicle load, the impact coefficient index of bridge structure is analyzed, and the measured impact coefficient is compared with the requirement of impact coefficient in JDG D60-2004 highway bridge and culvert design general code. The structural health state of Pingtan Strait Bridge is evaluated. Finally, the deflection curve of bridge structure and the time history curve of horizontal displacement under vehicle load are given. The acceleration spectrum further explains the dynamic response of the bridge structure under vehicle loads. The results show that the deformation monitoring system of the main girder of Pingtan Strait Bridge based on the principle of digital photogrammetry provides an accurate and reliable basis for the evaluation of bridge health. It also shows that the new method of bridge health monitoring based on digital photogrammetry can meet the requirements of bridge structure health monitoring, and it is suitable for the long-term real-time dynamic monitoring of the deformation of long-span bridge structures, which provides a convenient method for the long-term monitoring of bridges. The accurate method has the extremely high engineering promotion value.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U446;P231.5

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