宁夏黄河流域土地利用时空变化特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-31 14:42

本文选题：宁夏黄河流域　切入点：土地利用　出处：《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年04期

【摘要】：在RS和GIS技术的支持下,基于多期Landsat-TM卫星遥感影像,对宁夏黄河流域1985-2010年间的土地利用时空变化特征进行分析.结果表明:1)在1985-2010年间流域主导土地利用类型是草地和耕地;面积呈增加变化的是林地、水域、建设用地和耕地,呈减少变化的是草地和未利用地,变化最剧烈的是建设用地.2)不同土地类型间的转移变化主要体现在草地向耕地、未利用地向草地和耕地以及耕地向建设用地和草地的转变.3)1985-2000年和2000-2010年两个时段综合土地利用动态度分别为0.26%和0.56%,空间分布差异明显,动态度较大的区域均分布在流域北部和中东部,后期强度和范围也均明显强于前期.4)流域土地利用变化的热点地区在1985-2000年有4个,2000-2010年增加到9个,主要是耕地和建设用地增加变化的热点,均分布于流域中部和北部.5)在流域土地利用变化中,自然因素制约着不同土地利用类型的分布和转变,而人为因素对其变化起到直接的推动作用,因此要充分考虑各种人为和自然因素,合理地对未来土地进行开发利用.
[Abstract]:With the support of RS and GIS technology, the temporal and spatial changes of land use in Ningxia Yellow River Basin from 1985 to 2010 were analyzed based on multi-stage Landsat-TM satellite remote sensing images. The results showed that the dominant land use types in Ningxia Yellow River Basin during 1985-2010 were grassland and cultivated land. The areas of woodland, water area, construction land and cultivated land increased, and the grassland and unused land decreased. The most drastic change was that the transfer change between different land types was mainly reflected in grassland to cultivated land. The change from unused land to grassland and cultivated land and from cultivated land to construction land and grassland was 0.26% and 0.56% in 1985-2000 and 2000-2010, respectively, and the spatial distribution difference was obvious. The regions with higher dynamic degree are distributed in the northern and middle part of the basin, and the intensity and range of the later period are obviously stronger than those of the earlier period. 4 hot spots of land use change in the basin increased from 1985 to 2000 to 9 from 2000 to 2010. It is mainly the hot spot of the increase and change of cultivated land and construction land, both of which are distributed in the middle and north of the basin. In the process of land use change, natural factors restrict the distribution and transformation of different land use types. Human factors play a direct role in promoting the change, so we should fully consider all kinds of human and natural factors to develop and utilize the land in the future.
【作者单位】：西南大学生命科学学院/三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室;种苗生物工程国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家国际科技合作专项资助(2011DFG32780)
【分类号】：P208;F301.2

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