星载集成传感器定向关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 04:27

本文选题：高分辨率卫星遥感影像　切入点：集成传感器定向　出处：《解放军信息工程大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：本文主要针对高分辨遥感卫星线阵CCD影像高精度集成传感器定向涉及的理论和关键技术进行了深入的分析和研究,论文完成的主要工作有:1.将星载定位定姿设备观测的数据作为观测值,建立了描述外方位元素变化的一般多项式模型、定向片模型和分段多项式模型,为星载集成传感器定向及在轨检校奠定了理论基础。2.通过对高分辨率遥感卫星线阵CCD影像成像几何物理特性的分析和研究,实现了单线阵CCD和三线阵CCD模拟数据的生成,为后续基于模拟数据的摄影测量参数动态检测理论的验证提供了数据基础。3.构建了三种高分辨卫星遥感影像严格几何成像模型,并利用集成传感器直接定向方法使用获取的真实影像数据验证了构建的严格几何成像模型的正确性;考虑到卫星定姿数据存在系统误差,针对不同的高分辨率卫星遥感影像数据分别构建了姿态角常差检校模型和姿态四元数系统误差检验模型,并用实验验证了姿态角系统误差补偿的有效性和正确性。4.考虑到卫星发射及在轨运行会使实验室检校参数不再适用的实际情况,提出了摄影测量内部参数标定模型和外部参数标定模型,并用模拟数据验证了摄影测量内部参数解算模型的正确性,并实现了三种高分辨率卫星遥感影像基于地面检校场的摄影测量参数解算,实验表明,经过摄影测量参数动态检测可有效提高高分辨率卫星遥感影像直接对地目标定位精度。5.将建立的外方位元素模型引入光束法平差中,研究了基于一般多项式模型、分段多项式模型和定向片模型的星载集成传感器定向理论,通过多组实验数据、多种控制点分布方案、分段多项式模型不同分段数、定向片模型不同定向片数等实验方案对高分辨率卫星遥感影像平差精度进行比较,并对比分析了摄影测量参数动态检测前和检测后星载集成传感器定向所达到的定位精度。6.针对标定后残留的系统误差,对于不同的高分辨率遥感卫星成像传感器合理的选择附加参数,建立了星载集成传感器在轨检校模型,为高分辨率卫星遥感影像几何处理提供了一种新的处理流程。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the theory and key technology of high precision integrated sensor orientation for high resolution remote sensing satellite linear array CCD image are analyzed and studied deeply. The main work accomplished in this paper is: 1. Taking the observation data of spaceborne positioning and attitude determination equipment as the observation value, the general polynomial model, the directional slice model and the piecewise polynomial model are established to describe the change of external azimuth elements. It lays a theoretical foundation for spaceborne integrated sensor orientation and on-orbit calibration. By analyzing and studying the geometric and physical characteristics of high-resolution remote sensing satellite linear array CCD images, the generation of single-line CCD and three-line CCD simulation data is realized. 3. Three strict geometric imaging models of high resolution satellite remote sensing image are constructed, which provide a data basis for the subsequent verification of photogrammetric parameter dynamic detection theory based on simulated data. The validity of the strict geometric imaging model is verified by using the real image data obtained by using the direct orientation method of the integrated sensor, and considering the systematic error of the satellite attitude determination data, Aiming at different high resolution satellite remote sensing image data, the attitude angle constant error calibration model and attitude quaternion system error test model are constructed respectively. The validity and correctness of the error compensation of attitude angle system is verified by experiments. Considering the fact that satellite launch and in-orbit operation will make the calibration parameters of the laboratory no longer applicable, The internal parameter calibration model and external parameter calibration model of photogrammetry are proposed, and the correctness of the internal parameter calculation model of photogrammetry is verified by simulation data. Three kinds of high resolution satellite remote sensing images based on ground calibration field are realized to calculate the photogrammetric parameters. The experimental results show that, Dynamic detection of photogrammetric parameters can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of high resolution satellite remote sensing images directly to the ground target. The external azimuth element model is introduced into the beam method adjustment, and the general polynomial model is studied. Spaceborne integrated sensor orientation theory based on piecewise polynomial model and direction-slice model, through multi-group experimental data, various control point distribution schemes, different piecewise polynomial model of different piecewise number, The adjustment accuracy of high resolution satellite remote sensing image was compared by different experiment schemes, such as the number of directional slices, and so on. The orientation accuracy of spaceborne integrated sensor before and after the dynamic detection of photogrammetric parameters is compared and analyzed. 6. Aiming at the residual system error after calibration, For different high-resolution remote sensing satellite imaging sensors, an on-orbit calibration model of space-borne integrated sensors is established, which provides a new processing flow for geometric processing of high-resolution satellite remote sensing images.
【学位授予单位】：解放军信息工程大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P237

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