泛在网络制图的符号冲突处理研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 15:01

本文选题：泛在网络制图　切入点：地图符号　出处：《武汉大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：互联网技术、智能移动终端技术、无线通讯技术与传感器技术的发展与融合,揭开了泛在网络时代的帷幕。泛在网络制图平民化、大众化的特点要求地图制图过程面向用户需求,自动适应上下文环境。作为地图学的经典问题,符号冲突处理也需要适应当前泛在网络制图发展的趋势,即实现面向用户需求的应需制图与面向设备环境的自适应制图。这对泛在网络制图的符号冲突处理提出了新的挑战：既需要同时顾及上下文环境对地图符号进行动态调整,又必须对调整过程中出现的符号冲突进行实时的处理。本文以泛在网络制图为背景,对地图符号渲染过程中出现的符号冲突问题进行了研究,主要内容包括： 1)探讨了泛在网络制图的符号冲突处理研究的背景意义。总结了泛在网络制图中数据与表达分离、制图环境多元化、制图过程大众化的发展趋势,指出符号冲突处理需要满足用户定制化需求、实现对实时上下文响应。同时,从泛在网络制图的不同阶段、符号冲突处理的约束两个方面总结了国内外研究的现状与不足。 2)系统阐述了泛在网络制图环境下支撑符号冲突处理的理论基础。包括：泛在网络制图与符号冲突处理的概念模型：泛在网络制图的上下文环境的分类体系及其对符号冲突处理的影响；面向复杂上下文环境的符号冲突处理的总体技术策略。 3)以当前泛在网络制图中应用最为广泛的POI点为对象,在对POI点的特征进行分析的基础上,提出了结合渐进式传输对POI符号冲突进行快速实时处理的方法。该方法在服务器上使用基于Z曲线编码的数据组织结构,并融入POI的重要性等级信息,以此为基础提出空间索引与等级索引的方法,使终端设备请求的POI点群在传输过程中具备等级优先与邻近聚集效应,适应渐进式网络传输；在终端设备上,根据有序传输的POI点数据快速构建四叉树索引,确定当前处理的POI点的冲突影响区域,对POI的符号冲突进行区域性的处理,实现边传输边处理的效果。通过实际数据的实验表明,该方法符合泛在网络制图的应需制图与自适应制图要求,同时也能获得较高质量的冲突处理效果。 4)针对当前网络地图中建筑物与道路无法按照不同上下文环境灵活配置的问题,在分析当前移位方法的不足的基础上,提出服务器与终端设备协同处理的移位策略,建立了分布式结构下的多力源作用下的移位场模型,用实时移位的方法解决泛在网络制图中建筑物与道路的冲突。在服务器上,利用基于Voronoi图的剖分结构建立移位场模型,通过预处理探测空间目标的分布模式并融入移位场模型中；在终端设备上,在移位场模型的基础上通过邻近距离阈值快速探测空间冲突,将其与道路符号化产生的冲突一起作为力源,基于邻近模型分别计算不同力源在移位场中传递的等势线,得到各空间目标在不同力源作用下的位移大小与方向,通过多源力的向量和计算得到移位的方向与距离,并通过空间目标之间的距离和各自位移大小检测次生冲突,通过后处理解决次生冲突。实际数据的实验效果表明,该方法符合泛在网络制图的应需制图与自适应制图要求,同时也能保持空间目标的分布特征,解决多重冲突,达到实时冲突处理的效果。 5)面对地图制图学领域的注记配置这个经典问题,在对泛在网络制图中注记配置的上下文环境分析的基础上,提出服务器与终端设备协同处理的注记配置策略,建立了满足个性化定制的快速注记配置方法。在服务器上,首先确定默认的注记表达方案,并得到该表达方案下的冲突关系图结构,最后利用遗传算法生成默认注记表达方案下的注记配置方案；在终端设备,首先根据上下文环境调整注记表达方案与冲突关系图,并利用其连通分量获取需要进行注记字位调整的地物范围,最后采用禁忌搜索算法在局部范围内快速迭代得到符合当前上下文环境的注记配置最优解。实验证明：在当前快速变化、需求多样的泛在网络制图环境中,该方法能够满足不同用户的需求,实现动态、实时地进行注记配置。
[Abstract]:With the development and integration of Internet technology , intelligent mobile terminal technology , wireless communication technology and sensor technology , the curtain of ubiquitous network age is revealed .

1 ) In this paper , the background significance of the research of symbol conflict processing in network mapping is discussed . The development trend of data and expression separation , the diversification of drawing environment and the popularization of drawing process are summarized . It is pointed out that symbol conflict processing needs to satisfy user ' s customization requirement and realize the real - time context response . At the same time , the present situation and deficiency of the research at home and abroad are summarized from two aspects of ubiquitous network mapping and symbol conflict processing .

2 ) The theory basis of the conflict treatment of supporting symbols in the environment of network mapping is expounded systematically .
The general technical strategy of symbol collision processing for complex context environment .

3 ) Based on the analysis of the characteristics of POI ' s point , a method for fast real - time processing of the conflict of POI symbols with progressive transmission is put forward based on the analysis of the characteristics of POI .
In the terminal equipment , the four - tree index is quickly constructed according to the POI data of the ordered transmission , the conflict - affected area of the currently processed POI point is determined , regional processing is carried out on the symbol conflict of the POI , and the effect of the edge transmission edge processing is realized .

4 ) Aiming at the problem that the building and the road in the current network map cannot be flexibly configured according to different context environments , based on analyzing the shortage of the current displacement method , a displacement field model under the action of a multi - force source under the distributed structure is proposed , and the conflict between the building and the road in the network mapping is solved by a real - time displacement method .
on the basis of a shift field model , a space conflict is quickly detected on the basis of a shift field model and is used as a force source along with the conflict generated by the road sign , and the displacement magnitude and direction of the different force sources in the shift field are calculated based on the adjacent model respectively ;

5 ) In the face of the classical problem of annotation configuration in map - making field , based on the analysis of the context environment of the annotation configuration in the network mapping , the paper puts forward a note - recording configuration strategy for the collaborative processing between the server and the terminal equipment , and sets up a rapid annotation configuration method to meet the personalized customization . At the server , the default note expression scheme is determined , and the conflict relation graph structure under the expression scheme is obtained . Finally , the annotation configuration scheme under the default annotation expression scheme is generated by using the genetic algorithm ;
In the terminal equipment , firstly , according to the context environment , the annotation expression scheme and the conflict relation graph are adjusted , and the field range needing to be adjusted by the annotation characters is acquired by using the communication component thereof , and finally , the optimal solution of the annotation configuration according to the current context environment is obtained through fast iteration within the local area by using the tabu search algorithm .

【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P209;P283.7

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