三维激光扫描技术在文物古迹保护中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 02:36

本文选题：三维激光扫描技术 + 文物古迹　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中华民族具有五千多年的优秀文化,先辈们通过他们的智慧和双手为我们留下了众多的文物古迹。文物古迹对于研究我国的古代文化有着非凡的意义,但是,由于历史和自然等原因很多的文物古迹遭受了不同程度的破坏。近年来,国家对文物古迹的保护投入了大量的精力,一方面是为了进行数字化保护,另一方面是为了在全球范围内更好地传播中国文化,提升文物古迹的旅游价值。三维激光扫描技术是一种先进的测绘技术,具有非接触、高精度、数据采集速度快等优点,可以直接获取目标对象表面的点云数据,从而为文物古迹数字化保护过程中三维模型重建提供了一种全新方式,因此该技术被广泛运用于文物保护、考古测绘、逆向工程等众多领域。怎样对海量点云数据进行处理,获取高质量的点云,提高文物古迹的数字模型重建的效率以及如何让普通大众更为普遍的看到数字化成果仍是当前研究的热点和难点。文章首先介绍了三维激光扫描技术的相关知识,包括其工作原理、工作流程、当前使用的主流设备等;其次结合地面式和手持式三维激光扫描设备研究了不同目标对象的数字化重建过程和纹理映射方法,并对其精度进行了验证;然后结合多视角影像三维模型重建技术利用两种不同的软件对模型进行三维重建;再次,结合建筑信息模型(BIM)技术对一古建筑进行数字化重建,研究了古建筑BIM模型的建立;最后,利用中视典VRP软件平台进行一文物古迹三维成果的虚拟展示。
[Abstract]:The Chinese nation has more than 5,000 years of excellent culture, the ancestors through their wisdom and hands for us to leave many cultural relics.Cultural relics and monuments are of great significance to the study of our ancient culture. However, many cultural relics and monuments have been damaged to varying degrees due to historical and natural reasons.In recent years, the state has invested a great deal of energy in the protection of cultural relics and monuments, on the one hand, in order to carry out digital protection, on the other hand, in order to better spread Chinese culture in the world, and enhance the tourism value of cultural relics and monuments.3D laser scanning technology is an advanced surveying and mapping technology, which has the advantages of non-contact, high precision and fast data acquisition, which can directly obtain the point cloud data of the target surface.Therefore, it provides a new way for 3D model reconstruction in the process of digital preservation of cultural relics and monuments, so it is widely used in many fields such as cultural relic protection, archaeological mapping, reverse engineering and so on.How to process massive point cloud data, obtain high quality point cloud, improve the efficiency of digital model reconstruction of cultural relics and monuments, and how to make the general public see the digital results more generally is still the hot and difficult point of current research.This paper first introduces the relevant knowledge of 3D laser scanning technology, including its working principle, workflow, current mainstream equipment and so on.Secondly, the digital reconstruction process and texture mapping method of different target objects are studied with ground and hand-held 3D laser scanning equipment, and its accuracy is verified.Then combining with multi-view image 3D model reconstruction technology, using two different software to reconstruct the model; thirdly, combining the building information model (BIM) technology to carry on the digital reconstruction of an ancient building, the establishment of the ancient architecture BIM model is studied.Finally, a virtual display of three-dimensional results of cultural relics and monuments is carried out by using the VRP software platform of China TV.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K878;P225.2

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