多尺度土地利用空间数据库构建

发布时间：2018-04-19 19:46

本文选题：多尺度 + 空间数据库　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于土地资源的供需与人口增长矛盾的凸显,土地利用问题应从宏观到微观进行不同角度的分析,对土地利用的空间布局和数量结构进行研究,为国土资源空间优化配置提供可靠的依据。进行不同尺度的空间分析需要多尺度空间数据作为基础,所以建立多尺度土地利用空间数据库在国土资源管理中显得尤为重要。全国土地二调工作中,使用先进的空间数据库技术构建土地利用空间数据库。在强大的空间数据库技术支持下和对土地利用空间数据的多尺度需求驱动下,生产了大量的、多尺度的土地利用空间数据,但是由于生产数据的平台多样,数据格式各异,导致数据共享困难；同时,多尺度空间数据独立存储,大小比例尺间没有相互的联系,不宜进行多尺度一体化管理,造成数据更新困难、易导致数据不一致等一系列问题。本文在参考大量的国内外文献的基础上,对构建多尺度土地利用空间数据库构建进行探索,并提供了多尺度建库的一种思路。论文主要的研究内容和预期结果： 1.分析国内外对土地利用空间数据库技术的研究情况和土地利用空间数据库构建利用情况；对国内外多尺度空间数据构建相关技术进行研究及分析现在多尺度空间数据库构建面临的技术问题。 2.分析空间数据模型、空间数据存储管理的几种方法的优缺点,研究了空间数据和属性数据一体化存储和管理的机制。 3.分析多尺度空间数据的特征及目前多尺度空间数据建库方案,研究每种方案的优缺问题。重点研究了多尺度空间数据构建过程中多尺度数据间的连通关系的建立,连通关系的建立有两种方法,一是通过数据综合对不变对象采用标识码建立关联关系和通过对变化对象建立关系属性表来建立关联关系。二是通过空间实体的一对一匹配和一对多匹配实现关系的建立。 4.进行空间数据库的概念设计和逻辑设计,并对空间数据分层和表结构的设计。 5.建立一个多尺度行政区域(州(市)、县、乡)的一体化土地利用空间数据库,根据多尺度空间实体之间一对一、一对多、零对一或零对多的关系,建立多尺度数据之间关系属性表实现多尺度数据间的连通。 6.基于.net和AE开发一个辅助建库工具,使用该工具填写了数据库中的行政代码、要素代码、标识码、图斑面积和地类图斑面积进行填写,通过数据质量检查功能检查数据的结构、属性、拓扑等内容。使用入库工具将以县为单位的空间数据入库。
[Abstract]:Because of the contradiction between supply and demand of land resources and population growth, land use problems should be analyzed from macro to micro angles, and the spatial distribution and quantity structure of land use should be studied. To provide reliable basis for land and resources spatial optimal allocation. Multi-scale spatial data is needed for spatial analysis of different scales, so it is very important to establish multi-scale land use spatial database in land and resource management. Land use spatial database is constructed by using advanced spatial database technology in the national land two-adjustment work. Supported by powerful spatial database technology and driven by multi-scale demand for land use spatial data, lots of land use spatial data are produced, but due to the diversity of production data platforms and different data formats, At the same time, the multi-scale spatial data is stored independently and there is no relationship between the scales, so it is not suitable for multi-scale integrated management, which makes it difficult to update the data and easily lead to inconsistent data and so on. Based on a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper explores the construction of a multi-scale land use spatial database, and provides a way to build a multi-scale database. The main contents and expected results of this paper are as follows: 1. The research situation of land use spatial database technology and the construction and utilization of land use spatial database at home and abroad are analyzed. This paper studies and analyses the related techniques of multi-scale spatial data construction at home and abroad and analyzes the technical problems faced with the construction of multi-scale spatial database. 2. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of spatial data model and several methods of spatial data storage and management, and studies the mechanism of integrated storage and management of spatial data and attribute data. 3. This paper analyzes the characteristics of multi-scale spatial data and the current multi-scale spatial data database construction scheme, and studies the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme. This paper focuses on the establishment of connectivity among multi-scale spatial data in the process of constructing multi-scale spatial data. One is to establish the association relation by using the identification code to the invariant object by data synthesis, and to establish the association relation by establishing the relational attribute table to the change object. The second is the establishment of one-to-one matching and one-to-many matching of spatial entities. 4. The concept and logic of spatial database are designed, and spatial data layer and table structure are designed. 5. The establishment of an integrated land use spatial database for multi-scale administrative regions (states, counties, townships), based on the one-to-one, one-to-many, zero-to-one or zero-to-many relationships between multi-scale spatial entities, The relational attribute table of multi-scale data is established to realize the connectivity of multi-scale data. 6. Based on .net and AE, an auxiliary database building tool is developed, which is used to fill out the administrative code, element code, identification code, spot area and ground type area in the database, and check the structure of the data through the function of data quality inspection. Properties, topologies, etc. The use of storage tools will be based on the county as the unit of spatial data into the database.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208

【引证文献】