基于遥感影像的唐山市土地利用时空变化研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 20:29

本文选题：土地利用 + 时空变化　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：土地利用变化及其影响一直是当前地表过程变化研究领域的前沿和热点,如何更加合理的开发和利用区域土地资源也是国内外区域发展的共同目标。遥感技术和大数据技术的发展为土地利用变化信息的获取和长时序分析研究提供了更多可能。基于此,以震后新城唐山市路南区、路北区为案例区,借助遥感影像和遥感数据处理技术,对研究区1978~2014年间土地利用的时空变化特征进行了研究,以期为唐山市土地利用开发和规划提供更为详实的数据支持和决策参考。主要研究结果和结论如下:与城市化进程中土地利用变化规律相似,研究区建设用地面积增加明显,且呈外延式扩展,1978~2014年间,唐山市区建设用地面积净增加62.56km2,面积增加比例为137.89%,建设用地增加的面积主要来源于建设占用农用地,尤其是耕地;与此同时,农用地面积明显减少,且以城市郊区优质耕地资源快速的“萎缩”为典型,1978~2014年间,唐山市区农用地面积净减少27.43km2,面积减小比例为46.85%,减少的农用地主要流向建设用地。受资源型城市转型升级和全国生态文明建设等因素的积极影响,唐山市借助于较为雄厚的经济基础开展的城市绿化工作,使得其土地利用表现出其自身特点,即城市绿地不断增加的特征,1978~2014年间,唐山市区城市绿地面积净增加13.28km2,面积增加比例93.32%,增加的城市绿地主要集中在唐山市大南湖生态城区域,根据转移矩阵分析,增加的绿地来自建设用地和其他用地,特别是因采矿塌陷造成的废弃地。研究认为,受土地利用产出效益的影响,经济和政策因素仍将是影响土地利用方式和配置的主要因素;由于土地生态效益的公益性和外溢性,使得城市绿地价值被低估,从而削弱了其在土地规划中的地位和作用。
[Abstract]:Land use change and its impact have always been the frontier and hot spot in the field of surface process change. How to develop and utilize regional land resources more reasonably is also the common goal of regional development at home and abroad. The development of remote sensing technology and big data technology provides more possibilities for the acquisition of land use change information and the study of long time series analysis. Based on this, the temporal and spatial changes of land use in the study area from 1978 to 2014 were studied with the aid of remote sensing image and remote sensing data processing technology, taking Lunan District and Lubei District, the new town of Tangshan City, after the earthquake as a case study area. In order to provide more detailed data support and decision-making reference for land use development and planning in Tangshan City. The main results and conclusions are as follows: similar to the law of land use change in the process of urbanization, the area of construction land in the study area has increased obviously, and it has been extended by extension from 1978 to 2014. The area of construction land in Tangshan urban area increased by 62.56 km2, and the proportion of increase in area was 137.89. The increase of construction land mainly came from construction occupation of agricultural land, especially cultivated land. At the same time, the area of agricultural land decreased obviously. Taking the rapid "shrinking" of high-quality cultivated land resources in the suburbs of the city as the typical example during 1978-2014, the net area of agricultural land in Tangshan urban area decreased 27.43 km2, and the proportion of reduction was 46.85. The reduced agricultural land mainly went to construction land. Under the positive influence of the transformation and upgrading of resource-based cities and the construction of national ecological civilization, Tangshan City has its own characteristics of land use with the help of the urban greening work carried out on a relatively strong economic basis. From 1978 to 2014, the urban green area in Tangshan urban area increased by 13.28km2 and the proportion of urban green space increased by 93.32km2. The increase of urban green space was mainly concentrated in the ecological city area of Dannan Lake in Tangshan City, according to the analysis of transfer matrix. The increased greenbelt comes from construction and other land, especially abandoned land caused by mining collapses. It is believed that the economic and policy factors will still be the main factors that influence the land use mode and allocation, and the value of urban green space will be underestimated because of the public welfare and spillover of land ecological benefits. Thus weakening its position and role in land planning.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P237;F301.2

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