雷电业务综合应用平台建设

发布时间：2018-05-14 14:56

本文选题：GIS（地理信息系统） + 雷电监测预警　；参考：《电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：深圳位于珠江入海口，属于沿海地带，主要属于亚热带季风气候。由于深受季风的影响，夏季盛行偏东南风，时有季风低压、热带气旋光顾，高温多雨伴有强雷暴。专业用户对雷电预警预报服务有更大的需求，我们对其开展专业服务，既是促进和保持气象事业自身发展和壮大的内在需要，又是贯彻执行雷电业务轨道建设的具体措施，更是增强了防雷减灾能力，体现了气象在社会和经济发展中贡献和作用，又是重要技术支撑和经济保障。雷电领域的一个新的研究方向就是结合地理信息系统（GIS）相比以前，现在的雷电相关基础数据越来越丰富，而且我们不断改进监测预警预报的方式方法，但就目前的状况，可以满足较多数用户的要求，而离专业用户的要求还有一定的差距。对于空间范围内的数值计算，我们利用相关的空间数据，可以利用一种比较可视化的查询、分析等方法来分析，而且还能同时对预报结果进行验证，作为雷电监测、防雷检测、防护、雷击风险评估、雷灾鉴定评估等工作的有效补充，其相互之间也具有技术互补性、指导性及关联性，例如，我们系统中建立的各种雷电数据库，就可以为防雷减灾的各项工作提供了技术支持，也是我们对各种防雷减灾科学决策保障(例如：我们将收集到的，多年的闪电定位资料进行分析，可以对该地区闪电频数、强度、时空分布和性质有一个全面的了解，由此可得出该地是否适合建设何种的工程项目（主要针对易燃易爆场所）做出科学判断；如发生了雷击，我们可以了解根据雷击发生时间、该地闪电定位强度、极性、波形等资料，就可基本查明雷击原因，找出该建筑物的问题，重点整改，使其降低雷击的概率。地理信息系统(GIS，Geographic Information System)主要是利用现代计算机图形技术、数据库技术，结合地理、地图、测量、计算机等多学科而形成的一门新兴学科。作为多学科领域的综合，它可以看作允许加工空间数据成为与地球上某些部分相关并用于决策信息的工具,用计算机对地理空间信息进行检索、管理、分析、评价等处理结果，将所有与空间信息相关的信息相互结合，得出“动态模拟、决策支持、预测预报、统计分析”等服务。本系统平台的建设正是在这种需求背景下产生的，将GIS与雷电预警相结合，利用新一代天气雷达时空高分辨率的探测相关数据，结合雷达的二次产品生成及分析应用方法，对雷暴天气对应雷达产品敏感因子进行研究，得到可供业务应用的雷电预警决策方法；同时将多种雷达二次产品与闪电定位仪记录闪电的放电回击参数，在电子地图上进行显示、定位、区域统计和叠加分析，直观形象反映和分析当前和过去闪电和回波的演变情况，确定闪电的时间、经纬度、强度、陡度定位方式和误差范围以及雷暴(对此，我们可以参考国外相关资料)未来的趋势等等，可以大大提高预报的准确性。利用其空间查询、分析及可视化等功能，则足以满足专业用户的业务要求。其同时根据国家防雷检测规范要求，设计了适合本地区的防雷检测业务模块，，作为深圳市防雷监测业务发展的一个窗口网上开通业务，实时服务大众社会。
[Abstract]:Shenzhen is located in the estuary of the Pearl River, which belongs to the coastal zone and belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate. Due to the influence of the monsoon, the East and south wind is prevalent in summer. There are monsoon low pressure, tropical cyclone patronage, high temperature and heavy thunderstorm. Professional users have greater demand for lightning early warning and forecast service. The internal need to enter and maintain the development and expansion of the meteorological cause is the concrete measure to carry out the railway construction of lightning business. It also strengthens the ability of lightning protection and disaster reduction, reflects the contribution and role of meteorology to the social and economic development, and is also an important technical support and economic protection. A new research direction in the field of lightning is the conclusion of the field of thunder and lightning. The geographic information system (GIS) is more and more rich in basic data related to lightning, and we continue to improve the method of monitoring and forecasting, but the current situation can meet the requirements of the majority of users, and there is a definite gap from the requirements of the professional users. For the numerical calculation in the space range, we Using the related spatial data, we can use a kind of comparative visual inquiry, analysis and other methods to analyze it, and can also verify the prediction results at the same time. It can be used as lightning monitoring, lightning detection, protection, lightning risk assessment and evaluation of lightning disaster assessment. Couplet, for example, the various lightning databases established in our system can provide technical support for lightning mitigation and disaster mitigation, as well as our scientific decision-making for various lightning protection and mitigation (for example, we will collect and analyze years of lightning location data for lightning frequency, intensity, spatio-temporal distribution and distribution in the area. There is a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the nature of the land, which can be used to make scientific judgment on which project is suitable for construction (mainly for flammable and explosive sites). If lightning strikes, we can understand the lightning location intensity, polarity, and wave shape according to the lightning strike time, and we can find out the cause of the lightning strike and find out the construction. The problem of buildings should be focused on rectification so as to reduce the probability of lightning strike.
GIS (Geographic Information System) is a new subject formed by the use of modern computer graphics technology, database technology, combined with geography, map, measurement, computer and other disciplines. As a multidisciplinary field, it can be considered to allow processing space data to be related to some parts of the earth. The tools used to make decision information, use computer to retrieve, manage, analyze and evaluate the geographical spatial information, and combine all the information related to the spatial information to get the services such as "dynamic simulation, decision support, prediction, statistical analysis" and so on.
The construction of this system platform is produced in the background of this demand, combining GIS with lightning early warning, using the new generation of weather radar time and space high-resolution detection related data, combined with the radar two product generation and analysis and application method, to study the sensitive factors of the radar products corresponding to the thunderstorm weather, which can be used for business application. The method of lightning early warning decision is made. At the same time, multiple radar two products and lightning locator are used to record lightning discharge return parameters, display, locate, regional statistics and superposition analysis on the electronic map, directly reflect and analyze the evolution of lightning and echo in the current and past, and determine the time, latitude, intensity, steepness of lightning. The positioning mode and error range and the thunderstorm (which we can refer to the future trend of foreign related data) can greatly improve the accuracy of the forecast. Using its spatial query, analysis and visualization, it is sufficient to meet the professional requirements of the professional users. The lightning protection business module in this area serves as a window for the development of Shenzhen lightning protection monitoring business, and opens services online to serve the mass society in real time.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P427.32;P208

【参考文献】