基于国产高分辨率影像的图们江口中、朝、俄三国湿地景观格局对比分析

发布时间：2018-05-16 17:26

本文选题：图们江口湿地 + 遥感监测　；参考：《海洋学研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：图们江是我国重要的国际性河流之一,受中国、朝鲜、俄罗斯三国政策、经济、文化等因素影响,三国的湿地景观截然不同。本文以我国国产高分辨率卫星GF-1和GF-2影像为数据源,通过对图们江口湿地的实地踏勘,建立了图们江口湿地遥感分类体系,包括湖泊、河流、沼泽、滩涂、坑塘、水田和水库共7类。采用目视解译方法,提取了图们江口湿地信息,对图们江口湿地现状和中、朝、俄湿地差异进行了分析。利用Fragstats景观分析软件,选取了斑块数(NP)、最大斑块指数(LPI)、斑块平均面积(MPS)、加权平均形状指数(SHAPE)、加权平均分形维数(FRAC)、香农多样性指数(SHDI)和香农均匀性指数(SHEI)等几个景观格局指数分析了图们江口湿地景观格局特征。结果表明:(1)研究区湿地总面积为39 503.38hm~2,以沼泽和湖泊为主,呈现近日本海聚集分布格局。(2)俄罗斯湿地面积占各国研究区湿地总面积比例最大,朝鲜次之,中国最小;朝鲜湿地开发程度最高,湿地破坏较严重。(3)朝鲜湿地破碎程度在三国中最重,中国次之;朝鲜因水田开发较严重,景观规则度最高;中国湿地多样性较其他两国丰富。
[Abstract]:The Tumen River is one of the most important international rivers in China. Influenced by the policies of China, Korea and Russia, the wetland landscape of the three countries is very different. The remote sensing classification system of Tumen River Estuary Wetland, including lakes, rivers, swamps, beaches and potholes, is established based on the domestic high-resolution satellite GF-1 and GF-2 images, and through the field survey of the Tumen River Estuary Wetlands, this paper presents a remote sensing classification system for the Tumen River Estuary Wetlands. There are 7 types of paddy fields and reservoirs. The information of Tumen River Estuary Wetland was extracted by visual interpretation, and the present situation of Tumen Estuary Wetland and the differences between China, Korea and Russia were analyzed. Using Fragstats landscape analysis software, Several landscape pattern indices, such as patch number, maximum patch index, patch average area, weighted average shape index, weighted mean fractal dimension, Shannon diversity index SHDI and Shannon evenness index, were selected to analyze the landscape pattern indices. Landscape pattern characteristics of Yangtze Estuary Wetland. The results show that the total area of wetland in the study area is 39,503.38 hmm2, with swamps and lakes as the main area, and the distribution pattern near the sea of Japan is the largest in Russia, followed by North Korea, and the smallest in China. The degree of wetland development in Korea is the highest, the damage of wetland is more serious. 3) the degree of wetland fragmentation in Korea is the most serious in the three countries, followed by China; because of the serious exploitation of paddy fields, the landscape rule degree is the highest in Korea; the diversity of wetland in China is richer than that in the other two countries.
【作者单位】：延边大学理学院;长白山生物资源与功能分子教育部重点实验室;国家海洋局第一海洋研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目资助(41361015)
【分类号】：P237;P901

【相似文献】