辽宁沿海经济带湿地信息系统数据库构建及湿地景观分析

发布时间：2018-05-20 16:05

本文选题：辽宁沿海经济带 + 湿地资源　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：辽宁沿海区域有多条河流注入黄、渤二海，滋育了类型多样的滨海湿地资源。长期以来，这些湿地资源不仅维持了区域环境的生态平衡，同时在辽宁省海洋产业结构、环渤海区域海洋经济发展中占有极为重要的位置。本文以辽宁沿海经济带2010年夏季相Landsat7-ETM影像数据、行政区划数据、五大工业园区分布数据、自然保护区分布数据为基础数据源，，利用Geodatabase数据模型，构建辽宁沿海经济带湿地资源信息系统数据库；采用景观相对丰富度指数和景观多样性指数，分析了2010年辽宁沿海经济带湿地资源景观空间分异特征；基于辽宁沿海经济带2007年和2010年的湿地资源数据，揭示了辽宁沿海经济带湿地景观格局的动态变化特征。主要研究结果为：（1）辽宁沿海经济带湿地资源信息系统数据库由空间数据库和属性数据库构成，空间数据库数据包括辽宁省行政区划、辽宁沿海经济带县级行政区划、辽宁沿海经济带2007年、2010年湿地、非湿地资源现状分布、辽宁沿海经济带浅海水域、辽宁沿海经济带湿地自然保护区、辽宁沿海经济带五大工业园区；属性数据库包括辽宁沿海经济带行政区属性表、辽宁沿海经济带湿地资源属性表、辽宁沿海经济带非湿地资源属性表、辽宁沿海经济带湿地自然保护区属性表、辽宁沿海经济带五大工业园区属性表。（2）2010年辽宁沿海经济带湿地资源总面积为719955.58hm~2。从湿地类型看，平原水田面积最大，为400815.29hm~2，占辽宁沿海经济带湿地总面积的55.67%，盐碱地、盐田和山地水田较小，分别为572.15hm~2、302.64hm~2和229.02hm~2，占总面积的0.08%、0.04%和0.03%；从湿地分布区域看，盘锦市湿地面积最大，为267542.95hm~2，占辽宁沿海经济带湿地总面积的37.16%，葫芦岛市最小，为35233.3hm~2，占总面积的4.89%；从湿地景观相对丰富度指数看，丹东市最大，为0.92，表明丹东市湿地资源类型最多，湿地景观最丰富，盘锦市最小，为0.58，表明盘锦市湿地资源类型最少，湿地景观较为单一；从湿地景观多样性指数看，葫芦岛市最大，为1.63，表明葫芦岛市湿地景观分布较均匀，营口市最小，为0.47，表明营口市湿地景观分布不均匀。（3）2007-2010年间，葫芦岛市湿地景观相对丰富度指数变化最大，变化幅度为-25.56%，大连市变化幅度最小，为3.75%；丹东市湿地景观多样性指数变化最大，变化幅度为-24.84%，葫芦岛市变化最小，为-0.61%；大连市是辽宁沿海经济带唯一一个湿地景观相对丰富度指数和多样性指数均增加的城市，表明大连市湿地景观种类有所增加，同时湿地景观结构复杂性也有所增加，湿地景观分布趋于均匀。
[Abstract]:Many rivers in the coastal area of Liaoning are injected into Yellow River and Bohai two sea, which nurture various types of coastal wetland resources. For a long time, these wetland resources not only maintain the ecological balance of the regional environment, but also occupy a very important position in the marine industrial structure of Liaoning province and the development of the marine economy around Bohai region. This article is based on the coastal economy of Liaoning. With the 2010 summer Landsat7-ETM image data, the administrative division data, the five industrial park distribution data, the natural reserve distribution data as the basic data source, the wetland resources information system database of Liaoning coastal economic zone is constructed by using the Geodatabase data model, and the landscape relative richness index and the landscape diversity index are used to analyze the landscape diversity index. The spatial differentiation characteristics of wetland resources in Liaoning coastal economic belt in 2010 are divided. Based on the wetland resource data of Liaoning coastal economic belt in 2007 and 2010, the dynamic characteristics of wetland landscape pattern in Liaoning coastal economic zone are revealed. The main research results are as follows:
(1) the database of wetland resources information system of Liaoning coastal economic belt is composed of spatial database and attribute database. The spatial database data include the administrative division of Liaoning Province, the county administrative division of the coastal economic belt of Liaoning, the coastal economic belt of Liaoning in 2007, the wetland in 2010, the current distribution of non wetland resources, the shallow sea waters of the coastal economic belt of Liaoning and Liao. Ningxia coastal economic belt Wetland Nature Reserve, Liaoning coastal economic zone five industrial parks; attribute database including Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone Administrative Area property table, Liaoning coastal economic zone wetland resource attribute table, Liaoning coastal economic zone non wetland resource attribute table, Liaoning coastal economic zone Wetland Nature Reserve attribute table, Liaoning coastal channel Five industrial park properties table.
(2) in 2010, the total area of wetland resources in Liaoning coastal economic zone was 719955.58hm~2. from wetland type. The area of plain paddy field was the largest, 400815.29hm~2, accounting for 55.67% of the total wetland area in the coastal economic zone of Liaoning, saline alkali land, salt field and mountain paddy field, respectively 572.15hm~ 2302.64hm~2 and 229.02hm~2, accounting for 0.08%, 0.04% and 0.03% of the total area. From the wetland distribution area, the largest wetland area in Panjin is 267542.95hm~2, which accounts for 37.16% of the total wetland area in Liaoning coastal economic zone, the smallest in Huludao, 35233.3hm~2, accounting for 4.89% of the total area. From the relative richness index of wetland landscape, the largest of Dandong is 0.92, indicating that the wetland resources in Dandong are the most abundant and the wetland landscape is the most abundant. The smallest in Panjin is 0.58, which shows that the wetland resources in Panjin are the least and the wetland landscape is relatively single. From the wetland landscape diversity index, the largest in Huludao is 1.63, indicating that the distribution of the wetland landscape in Huludao is more uniform and the smallest in Yingkou, 0.47, indicating that the wetland landscape in Yingkou is not evenly distributed.
(3) in 2007-2010 years, the relative richness index of wetland landscape in Huludao was the biggest change, the change range was -25.56%, the change range of Dalian city was the smallest, 3.75%. The wetland landscape diversity index in Dandong was the largest, the change range was -24.84%, the change of Huludao city was -0.61%, Dalian was the only wetland in Liaoning coastal economic zone. The urban landscape with the increase of the landscape relative richness index and diversity index shows that the wetland landscape in Dalian has increased, and the complexity of wetland landscape structure is also increasing, and the distribution of wetland landscape tends to be uniform.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P901;P208

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