基于倾斜摄影的城市实景三维模型单体化及其组织管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 19:23

本文选题：倾斜摄影测量 + 实景建模　；参考：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市是人类聚集和社会经济文化的中心,是地理信息高度密集的地理综合体。作为国际测绘领域高新技术的倾斜摄影测量,突破了传统航摄测量技术的局限性,使用五个不同角度的相机多角度曝光以获取地物信息,实现了获取城市实景三维模型的高度自动化。使用倾斜摄影技术能快速获取真实精确的城市三维地理信息,并建立动态、多层次、二三维一体化的城市信息系统,将加快城市现代化进程并更好地致力于智慧城市的建设。本文基于倾斜摄影测量技术,对倾斜模型的快速单体化及城市全要素地物的二三维一体化集成管理进行了深入研究。首先,剖析了基于倾斜影像获取网格模型的三维重建过程及相关算法,探讨了整体构网而成的倾斜模型单体对象化的方法;其次,采用动态单体化的方式,将倾斜模型数据重新组织成为三维网格图层3DML,并根据倾斜模型的生产原理与机制,提出了采用二维矢量数据管理三维场景的解决方案;最后,初步实现了基于倾斜模型的城市三维管理原型系统的开发,验证了二三维集成管理技术的有效性。本研究取得以下的成果和结论:1)提出了建筑物轮廓快速提取的解决方案。探讨基于倾斜影像或倾斜模型的建筑物轮廓线半自动化快速提取方法,并在ArcGIS Analysis工具辅助下,提出了基于等高线的提取算法,能快速有效地获取拓扑完整的建筑轮廓矢量数据。2)提出了城市二三维数据高效集成管理的解决方案。将建筑物轮廓线作为分类图层套合倾斜模型使其单体对象化,重新组织生成三维网格图层3DML;利用二维矢量数据之间的层次关系设计合理高效的数据结构,将三维场景管理问题转化为二维数据的组织调用问题,实现了二三维数据一体化高效集成管理。3)初步实现了三维城市管理原型系统的设计与开发。基于Skyline TerraExplorer二次开发平台并借助Arc GIS API开发组件,初步设计与实现了三维城市管理原型系统,主要包括场景浏览、空间量算、空间查询、二维空间分析、三维空间分析五大功能模块。
[Abstract]:City is the center of human agglomeration, social economy and culture, and a geographical complex with high density of geographic information. As a high and new technology in international surveying and mapping, tilt photogrammetry breaks through the limitation of traditional aerial photography technology and uses five cameras with different angles to expose multi-angle to obtain ground object information. The high automatization of acquiring the 3D model of urban real scene is realized. Using tilt photography technology can quickly obtain the true and accurate three-dimensional geographic information of the city, and establish a dynamic, multi-level, two-three dimensional integrated urban information system, which will speed up the process of urban modernization and better devote to the construction of intelligent city. Based on the technique of tilt photogrammetry, this paper makes a deep research on the rapid singularity of the tilt model and the integrated management of two and three dimensions of all urban elements. Firstly, this paper analyzes the 3D reconstruction process and related algorithms based on the obliquity image acquisition mesh model, and discusses the method of monolithic objectification of the tilted model formed by the whole network. Secondly, the dynamic monolithic method is adopted. The tilting model data is reorganized into 3D grid layer 3DML. according to the production principle and mechanism of tilting model, the solution of using two-dimensional vector data to manage 3D scene is put forward. The prototype system of urban 3D management based on tilting model is implemented preliminarily, and the validity of 2D / 3D integrated management technology is verified. In this study, the following results and conclusions: 1) proposed a rapid extraction of building contour solution. This paper discusses the rapid semi-automatic extraction method of building contour based on inclined image or tilt model, and proposes an algorithm based on contour extraction with the help of ArcGIS Analysis tool. This paper presents a solution to the efficient integration and management of urban 2D data, which can quickly and effectively obtain the topologically complete building contour vector data. The building contour line is used as the classification layer sleeve tilt model to make it single object, the 3D grid layer 3DMLs are reorganized and generated, and the reasonable and efficient data structure is designed by using the hierarchical relationship between the two-dimensional vector data. The problem of 3D scene management is transformed into the problem of organizing and calling 2D data, and the design and development of 3D urban management prototype system is realized. Based on the secondary development platform of Skyline TerraExplorer and with the help of Arc GIS API, a 3D urban management prototype system is designed and implemented, which mainly includes scene browsing, spatial calculation, spatial query and two-dimensional spatial analysis. Three-dimensional spatial analysis of five functional modules.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P231;P208

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