北斗卫星导航系统服务精度评估

发布时间：2018-05-29 14:03

本文选题：天体测量与天体力学 + 空间飞行器　；参考：《天文学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：精度是北斗卫星导航系统(Beidou Navigation Satellite System,BDS)服务指标体系的重要内容.给出了北斗卫星导航系统精度指标的含义及精度指标的评估方法,利用实测数据分析了北斗系统实际实现的精度指标,并将其与GPS系统实际实现的精度指标作比较分析.DOP(几何精度因子)值由卫星导航系统空间星座分布决定,是影响用户定位授时精度的重要因素,比较了北斗与GPS在中国区域DOP值分布的差异.GPS系统PDOP(定位几何精度因子)分布均匀,随用户经度和纬度变化不大,在1.0 2.0之间.而受混合星座影响,北斗系统PDOP分布随着测站经度和纬度变化较大,变化范围为1.5 5.0;且随测站纬度增加而变大,由中心经度(东经118?)向两侧不断变大.对于影响用户等效距离误差的空间信号精度进行了比较分析.利用IGS(国际GNSS服务组织)提供的事后精密轨道、激光跟踪数据和北斗双向时频传递测量的卫星钟差评估了北斗基本导航电文的精度.结果表明:北斗IGSO(倾斜地球同步轨道)卫星和MEO(中轨道)卫星轨道径向误差约为0.5 m,大于GPS卫星轨道小于0.2 m的径向误差.北斗GEO(地球同步轨道)卫星激光残差约为65 cm,IGSO卫星和MEO卫星激光残差约为50 cm.受卫星钟差数据龄期影响,MEO卫星钟差参数误差明显大于IGSO卫星和GEO卫星,约为0.80 m.最后,采用MGEX(多GNSS系统试验项目)多模接收机进行了定位试验,分析了北斗系统和GPS在定位精度上的差异.结果表明:受星座构型影响,北斗卫星导航系统定位精度与GPS系统定位精度相比有所差异,但满足水平定位精度优于10 m、高程定位精度优于10 m的设计要求,双系统组合定位精度好于单一系统定位精度.
[Abstract]:Precision is an important content of Beidou Navigation Satellite system BDSs service index system. The meaning of the precision index of Beidou satellite navigation system and the evaluation method of the precision index are given. The practical precision index of Beidou satellite navigation system is analyzed by using the measured data. Compared with the actual precision index of GPS system, the value of DOP (geometric accuracy factor) is determined by the spatial constellation distribution of satellite navigation system, which is an important factor that affects the accuracy of user positioning and timing. The difference of DOP value distribution between Beidou and GPS in China is compared. The distribution of GPS (positioning geometric precision factor) is uniform, which varies little with the latitude and longitude of the user, and is between 1.0 and 2.0. Under the influence of the mixed constellation, the PDOP distribution of Beidou system varies greatly with the latitude and longitude of the station, and the variation range is 1.5 ~ 5.0, and increases with the increase of the latitude of the station, from the central longitude (118J). It's getting bigger on both sides. The spatial signal accuracy which affects the user's equivalent distance error is compared and analyzed. The precision of Beidou basic navigation message is evaluated by using the precise orbit provided by IGS (International GNSS Service Organization) laser tracking data and the satellite clock difference measured by Beidou bidirectional time-frequency transmission. The results show that the radial error of Beidou IGSO (tilt geosynchronous orbit) satellite and MEO (meso) satellite orbit is about 0.5 m, which is larger than that of GPS satellite orbit less than 0.2 m. The laser residuals of Geosynchronous orbit (GEO) satellite in Beidou are about 65 cm, IGSO and MEO are about 50 cm. The error of clock error of IGSO satellite and GEO satellite is about 0.80 m influenced by the age of satellite clock difference data. Finally, MGEX (multiple GNSS system Test Project) multi-mode receiver is used to carry out the positioning experiment, and the difference of positioning accuracy between Beidou system and GPS is analyzed. The results show that the positioning accuracy of Beidou satellite navigation system is different from that of GPS system under the influence of constellation configuration, but the horizontal positioning accuracy is better than 10 m, and the elevation positioning accuracy is better than 10 m. The positioning accuracy of dual system combination is better than that of single system.
【作者单位】：北京跟踪与通信技术研究所;中国人民解放军61741部队;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41574029)资助
【分类号】：P228.4

【参考文献】