高精度GPS站点坐标时间序列分析与应用

发布时间：2018-06-02 05:27

本文选题：GPS + 坐标时间序列　；参考：《长安大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：高精度GPS站点坐标时间序列，是对站点连续观测数据经过精密解算后得到的高精度位置信息序列，它既是对站点位置连续性的描述，也是对站点稳定性的反映。通过对站点位置时间序列的研究分析，可以获取板块运动规律、地球震荡周期变化等信息，这对维护和更新地球参考框架，探求和揭示大地构造变形运动过程、动力学机制及地震活动等相关科学问题具有十分重要的意义。论文围绕影响高精度GPS坐标时间序列的误差分析、GPS高程时间序列的周期项提取、高频GPS时间序列的噪声处理等方面展开分析讨论。（1）高精度GPS站点时间序列的获取是进行时间序列分析并提取相关信息的前提和基础。论文首先从对流层延迟、海潮负荷、天线相位中心偏差和地球参考框架影响等几方面分析影响高精度GPS站点坐标精度的因素，通过计算重点讨论了天线相位中心偏差和地球参考框架对GPS站点坐标精度带来的影响，得出了一些有意义的结论。（2）介绍了时间序列的几种常用分析方法，并通过模拟数据计算发现：谱分析对短周期项比较敏感，，而高低频相结合的小波分析方法对长短周期项的提取整体比较可靠。基于此，论文针对全球近三百个IGS站高程时间序列，应用高低频相结合的小波分析方法进行周期项提取，获得了周年项周期振荡图、半周年项周期振荡图和一季周期振荡图，为高程方向的季节性变化研究提供了参考。（3）阐述了高频GPS单历元定位理论，分析了影响定位精度的误差源。由于单历元定位无法使用长时间平均法来消除残留系统误差，顾及多路径效应及轨道误差存有明显周期性特点，提出利用恒星日滤波技术和空间滤波技术来削弱其影响。通过实例验证，具有较明显的效果。
[Abstract]:The high precision GPS site coordinate time series is a high precision position information sequence obtained from the precise calculation of the station continuous observation data. It is not only a description of the site position continuity, but also a reflection of the site stability. Through the research and analysis of the time series of the site location, we can obtain the information of plate motion law and the change of the earth oscillation period, which can help us to maintain and renew the earth reference frame, and to explore and reveal the process of tectonic deformation movement. The dynamic mechanism and seismic activities are of great significance. In this paper, the error analysis of high precision GPS coordinate time series is discussed, such as the period term extraction of GPS height time series, the noise processing of high frequency GPS time series, and so on. The acquisition of high precision GPS site time series is the premise and foundation of time series analysis and extraction of relevant information. Firstly, the factors influencing the coordinate accuracy of high precision GPS stations are analyzed from tropospheric delay, ocean tide load, antenna phase center deviation and the influence of the earth reference frame. The effect of the antenna phase center deviation and the earth reference frame on the coordinate accuracy of the GPS station is discussed in detail, and some meaningful conclusions are obtained. This paper introduces several common analysis methods of time series, and finds that spectral analysis is more sensitive to short period terms, while wavelet analysis method combined with high and low frequency is more reliable for extracting long and short period terms. Based on this, this paper applies wavelet analysis method combined with high and low frequency to extract the periodic term for nearly 300 IGS station height time series, and obtains the annual term periodic oscillation diagram, the semi-annual term periodic oscillation diagram and the one-quarter periodic oscillation diagram. It provides a reference for the study of seasonal variation of elevation direction. The high frequency GPS single epoch positioning theory is expounded, and the error sources that affect the positioning accuracy are analyzed. Because the single epoch location can not eliminate the residual system error by using the long-time averaging method, considering the multipath effect and the obvious periodicity of the orbit error, this paper proposes to use the star day filtering technique and the spatial filtering technique to weaken its influence. It has been proved by an example that it has obvious effect.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4

【引证文献】