基于GPS浮动车获取道路实时车速的方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 22:04

本文选题：GPS浮动车 + 地图匹配　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着社会经济的不断发展,城市规模扩大,城市交通拥堵情况也日趋严重。为保障重庆交通的通畅,市政府在2011年决定开展“重庆市交通综合信息平台”建设,信息平台对重庆城区的干路网交通信息进行采集与汇聚,其中道路车速信息的采集显得尤为重要。本文则依托交通信息平台的建设,开展了覆盖重庆市主城区的GPS浮动车车速算法研究,以此方法来实现对城市路网运行情况的监控。 GPS浮动车是获取道路实时车速便捷有效的方法,作为研究主体,本文首先对国内外GPS浮动车的研究现状进行梳理,明确了研究的主要方向：使用出租车作为浮动车,整合了重庆主城近5000余辆出租车GPS数据,保证了样本量的充足。并针对GPS浮动车处理的相关基础理论进行了研究,选择利用GIS地理信息系统作为研究载体。其次,主要对GPS浮动车数据的地图匹配原理以及地图匹配方法进行了研究。在对基础路网进行多种多样预处理(包括路网拓扑处理、路网校正点处理、路网网格化处理等)的基础上,利用多种地图匹配方法相结合的方式,保证了GPS数据的匹配速度与匹配精度。再次,在地图匹配的基础上,开展了最短路径算法研究。在对各种最短路径算法进行深入研究的基础上,结合道路路网结构特征,利用带转向延误的A*算法,对GPS最短路径实现了准确寻找。并采用路径匹配检验的方式,保证了每条路径的合理性与准确性。此外,以运算所获取的浮动车行程车速为基础,研究路段车速的计算方法。实现了将浮动车行程车速与路段车速的聚合。最后,木文针对GPS浮动车车速的覆盖率、准确率信息进行了评估。结合电子地图,对车速的空间分布和时间分布情况进行了评估；利用手持GPS仪,用车辆路测的方式,对GPS浮动车计算车速进行了对比评估。确定了算法的合理性和准确性。通过实践证明,本文的研究成果能够较为准确地反映城市道路的实时状态,对实时交通状况的采集具有重要意义,并已经成功地运用于实际应用当中。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the city scale expands and the traffic jam becomes more and more serious. In order to ensure the smooth flow of traffic in Chongqing, the municipal government decided in 2011 to carry out the construction of "Chongqing Traffic Integrated Information platform", which collects and aggregates the traffic information of the urban trunk road network in Chongqing. Among them, the collection of road speed information is particularly important. On the basis of the construction of traffic information platform, this paper has carried out the research on the speed algorithm of GPS floating vehicle which covers the main urban area of Chongqing. GPS floating vehicle is an effective method to obtain the real time speed of road. As the main body of research, this paper firstly combs the research status of GPS floating vehicle at home and abroad. The main research direction is clear: using taxi as floating vehicle, integrating the data of nearly 5000 taxis in Chongqing main city, ensuring the sufficient sample size. Based on the basic theory of GPS floating vehicle processing, GIS is chosen as the research carrier. Secondly, the map matching principle and map matching method of GPS floating vehicle data are studied. On the basis of a variety of pretreatment (including road network topology processing, road network correction point processing, road network gridding processing, etc.), a variety of map matching methods are used. The matching speed and accuracy of GPS data are guaranteed. Thirdly, the shortest path algorithm is studied on the basis of map matching. On the basis of in-depth study of various shortest path algorithms and combined with the structural characteristics of road network, the GPS shortest path can be accurately searched by using the A * algorithm with steering delay. The rationality and accuracy of each path are ensured by the way of path matching test. In addition, the calculation method of road speed is studied on the basis of the speed of floating vehicle which is obtained by calculation. Finally, the paper evaluates the coverage rate and accuracy information of GPS floating vehicle speed. Combined with electronic map, the spatial and temporal distribution of vehicle speed is evaluated, and the calculation speed of GPS floating vehicle is compared and evaluated by using the hand-held GPS instrument and the way of vehicle road measurement. The rationality and accuracy of the algorithm are determined. Through practice, it is proved that the research results in this paper can accurately reflect the real-time state of urban roads, which is of great significance to the collection of real-time traffic conditions. And has been successfully applied in practical applications.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4;U495

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