地基GPS反演大气可降水量在香港地区的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 20:23

本文选题：GPS大气可降水量反演 + 大气水汽含量　；参考：《东华理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大气中水汽含量是GPS气象学的主要研究内容之一,水汽在大气中的变化极其剧烈,而水汽含量的剧烈变化会对气候造成巨大影响。当水汽含量上升到一定的值时,它就能够形成降雨。自然灾害的形成很多都是由于降雨导致,因此,实时探测大气中水汽含量对自然灾害的预测具有重要意义。由于传统探测大气水汽含量技术误差较大,上世纪90年代,GPS反演大气可降水量技术开始兴起,该技术具有高精度、高时空分辨率、全天候观测等优点,弥补了传统水汽探测技术的缺陷。本文主要从以下几个方面研究大气水汽含量的变化:(1)运用Bernese高精度数据处理软件解算香港CORS网采集的数据,提取可降水量信息,通过实际操作发现并解决数据处理过程中遇到的问题;(2)定性的分析大气可降水量的影响因素,定量的分析大气可降水量的误差值。探寻如何获取高精度的大气水汽含量;(3)研究区域加权平均温度模型的特征,探寻如何回归得出适用于香港地区的加权平均温度模型;(4)对求取大气可降水量不同的模型进行对比分析,包括对流层延迟模型、加权平均温度模型、组合导航模型、IGS辅助站、卫星星历等。利用不同模型求取大气可降水量,分别与探空资料计算得出的大气可降水量结果Radio/PWV进行对比分析。以得出解算精度最高的模型;(5)利用对比分析得出的精度最高的模型,对2014年香港3月暴雨事件的大气水汽含量的变化进行研究,反演得出暴雨事件的大气可降水量变化趋势,并与实时气象资料进行对比,验证GPS大气可降水量反演技术能否用于实时暴雨预测。
[Abstract]:The water vapor content in the atmosphere is one of the main research contents of GPS meteorology. The change of water vapor in the atmosphere is extremely sharp, and the drastic change of water vapor content will have a great impact on the climate. When the water vapor content rises to a certain value, it can form rainfall. Most of the formation of natural disasters is caused by rainfall. Therefore, it is very important to detect the moisture content in the atmosphere in real time for the prediction of natural disasters. Because of the large error of the traditional technique of detecting atmospheric moisture content, GPS inversion of atmospheric precipitable water quantity began to rise in the 1990s. This technique has the advantages of high accuracy, high space-time resolution, all-weather observation and so on. It makes up for the defects of the traditional water vapor detection technology. This paper mainly studies the variation of atmospheric water vapor content from the following aspects: 1) using Bernese high-precision data processing software to calculate the data collected by Hong Kong's cors network, and to extract precipitable water information. Through practical operation, the problems encountered in data processing are found and solved. (2) qualitative analysis of the influencing factors of atmospheric precipitable water and quantitative analysis of the error value of atmospheric precipitable water are made. To find out how to obtain high precision atmospheric water vapor content and study the characteristics of regional weighted mean temperature model, To find out how to regress the weighted mean temperature model suitable for Hong Kong area and to compare and analyze the different models of calculating atmospheric precipitable water, including tropospheric delay model, weighted mean temperature model, integrated navigation model and IGS auxiliary station. Satellite ephemeris, etc. The atmospheric precipitable water is calculated by different models and compared with the radio / PWV calculated from the radiosonde data. In order to obtain the model with the highest resolution accuracy, using the model with the highest precision obtained by contrast analysis, the variation of atmospheric water vapor content during the March 2014 rainstorm event in Hong Kong was studied, and the trend of atmospheric precipitable water volume of rainstorm event was obtained by inversion. Compared with the real time meteorological data, it is verified that GPS can be used in real time rainstorm prediction.
【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P412.2;P228.4

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