具有定位导航和障碍规避功能的电子盲杖设计

发布时间：2018-06-29 23:44

本文选题：电子盲杖 + 嵌入式操作系统　；参考：《北方工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前随着城市交通的日益发展,盲人以及视障人士的出行问题面临着巨大的挑战,传统的盲杖已经远远不能满足他们安全行走的需求。为此,种类繁多的现代化导盲设备逐步进入盲人的生活,旨在有效改善盲人的行走能力以及生活质量。但无论是传统的盲杖还是电子导盲设备,都存在一定的局限性,尚无法为盲人提供全面和人性化的服务。因此,设计一款能有效辅助盲人安全行走,集定位导航、障碍物规避功能于一身的智能电子盲杖是十分迫切而且必要的。该盲杖的设计主要基于ARM11-WindowsCE6.0的嵌入式开发平台,辅以GPS接收模块以及超声波测距模块,可实现GPS实时定位、电子地图查询、轨迹记录、实时导航以及超声波探测障碍物等多种功能。实时导航功能又可分为地图导航和轨迹拐点导航两种模式,方便用户根据不同情况进行随时的切换。其中轨迹导航模式是在轨迹拐点提取算法的基础上提出的,也是本文的主要创新点。障碍规避功能则是利用超声波测距的方式来检测出障碍物的位置并发出预警,提示用户及时避让。在实际行走中,通过使用该盲杖并开启相应功能,盲人以及视障人士可以安全、便捷的到达预设的目地,有效提高其户外行走质量。针对盲人以及视障人群的具体特点以及嵌入式设备的硬件条件,本设计主要采用语音播报和简单的按键操作方式进行人机交互。盲人或视障人群可以通过若干按键选择各项功能,系统可根据选择进入各项功能并播报丰富的语音信息。当盲杖检测到前方障碍物时,语音输出模块会发出警报提示用户避让。该电子盲杖的软件设计部分已经全部完成,硬件部分采用的是ARM11开发板、GPS接收模块以及超声波测距模块。在实地测试中,该盲杖的定位导航功能和障碍规避功能均能独立、稳定的运行。通过理论分析和实验验证,该盲杖的设计不仅可以有效指导用户到达指定目的地,还为应对复杂环境提供了更为全面的保证,具有很强的实用性以及现实意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of urban traffic, the travel problem of blind and visually impaired people is facing a huge challenge. The traditional blind rod is far from meeting their needs of safe walking. In order to improve the walking ability and the quality of life of blind people, a wide variety of modern equipment for guiding blind people has gradually entered into the life of blind people. However, both the traditional blind staff and electronic blind guide equipment have some limitations, which can not provide a comprehensive and humane service for blind people. Therefore, it is very urgent and necessary to design an intelligent electronic blind stick which can effectively assist blind people to walk safely, integrate location and navigation, and avoid obstacles. The design of the blind rod is mainly based on the embedded development platform of ARM11-Windows CE 6.0, supplemented by GPS receiving module and ultrasonic ranging module, which can realize GPS real-time positioning, electronic map query, track recording, etc. Real-time navigation and ultrasonic detection obstacles and other functions. The real-time navigation function can be divided into two modes: map navigation and trajectory inflexion navigation, which is convenient for users to switch at any time according to different situations. The trajectory navigation mode is proposed on the basis of the algorithm of trajectory inflexion extraction, which is also the main innovation of this paper. The function of obstacle avoidance is to detect the position of obstacle by using ultrasonic ranging and to warn the user to avoid it in time. In actual walking, the blind and visually impaired people can safely and conveniently reach the preset target by using the staff and turn on the corresponding functions, and effectively improve their outdoor walking quality. According to the characteristics of blind and visually impaired people and the hardware condition of embedded equipment, this design mainly adopts voice broadcast and simple keystroke operation to carry out man-machine interaction. Blind or visually impaired people can select various functions through a number of buttons, the system can enter each function according to the choice and broadcast rich voice information. When a blind stick detects an obstacle ahead, the voice output module alerts the user to avoid it. The software design of the electronic blind rod has been completed, and the hardware part uses the ARM11 development board and GPS receiving module and ultrasonic ranging module. In the field test, the positioning and navigation function and obstacle avoidance function of the staff can be operated independently and stably. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the design of the blind rod not only can effectively guide the user to the designated destination, but also provides a more comprehensive guarantee for the complex environment. It has strong practicability and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TN965.5;P228.4

【参考文献】