基于RS和GIS的广西北部湾经济区生态承载力研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 17:23

本文选题：RS + GIS　；参考：《广西大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,我国的资源与环境也面临重大的问题,资源与环境的和谐是可持续发展的基础。可持续发展应该控制在一定的的生态承载力供给范围之内,因此,研究区域生态承载力的供给情况、变化趋势以及空间格局分布,建立基于生态承载力基础上的环境规划、环境管理政策,确保人类生存环境健康和谐,具有很大的实践和理论意义。本文基于生态足迹的基本理论方法,利用RS、GIS空间技术和手段,从图斑、县、市三级不同空间尺度对1990年、2000年、2005年至2010年的广西北部湾经济区生态承载力的供给进行定量计算和空间格局分析。结果表明： (1)2010年广西北部湾经济区人均生态承载力为0.5560gha/cap,其中,南宁市、北海市、钦州市、防城港市的人均生态承载力分别为：0.5875gha/cap、0.4799gha/cap、0.4591gha/cap、0.8666gha/cap。 (2)广西北部湾经济区各利用类型土地面积呈波动变化。从1990年到2010年20年间总体趋势是,耕地面积增加97.28km2,林地面积减少527.65km2,草地面积增加197.36km2,水域面积增加6.30km2,建设用地面积面积增加336.99km2. (3)广西北部湾经济区人均生态承载力从1990年的0.7267gha/cap,到2010年人均生态承载力减少到0.5560gha/cap,20年间人均生态承载力减少0.1707gha/cap。从1990年到2010年广西北部湾经济区生态承载力构成比较稳定,各土地利用类型提供的人均生态承载力占有比重从大到小依次是耕地、林地、建设用地、水域、草地。其中,耕地所占比例的变化范围为55.54%-57.56%,林地所占比例的变化范围34.19%-36.91%,建设用地所占比例的变化范围6.44%-7.70%,水域所占比例的变化范围0.30%-0.33%,草地所占比例的变化范围0.55%-0.58%。 (4)广西北部湾经济区生态承载力供给空间分布极不均匀,表现为地带性分布与局地性分布相符合的分布格局。整体以两大山脉大明山和十万大山为分隔带,两大山脉两侧生态承载力较高。各市内部生态承载力供给也呈不均匀分布,其中,南宁市南部和中部、北海市南部、钦州市西南部、防城港市东南部生态承载力较高,其他地区的则较低。 (5)广西北部湾经济区生态承载力在维持主体相对稳定的同时,各土地利用类型生态承载力转移较为频繁,而且转移方向以及转移趋势各有不同。其中南宁市城区和沿海地区的转移量较大。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, China's resources and environment are faced with great problems. The harmony between resources and environment is the basis of sustainable development. Sustainable development should be controlled within a certain supply range of ecological carrying capacity. Therefore, the supply situation, changing trend and spatial pattern distribution of regional ecological carrying capacity are studied, and the environmental planning based on ecological carrying capacity is established. The policy of environmental management is of great practical and theoretical significance to ensure the health and harmony of human living environment. Based on the basic theory and method of ecological footprint, this paper makes use of RS GIS spatial technology and means, from map spot, county, The supply of ecological carrying capacity of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in 1990, 2000 and 2005 to 2010 was calculated quantitatively and the spatial pattern was analyzed at different spatial scales. The results show that: (1) in 2010, the per capita ecological carrying capacity of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone was 0.5560gha / cap. among them, Nanning City, Beihai City, Qinzhou City, The per capita ecological carrying capacity of Fangchenggang city is 0.5875gha / capo 0.4799gha / capo 0.4591gha / capo 0.8666ghar / cap. (2) the land area of different types of land use in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone fluctuates. The overall trend from 1990 to 2010 is: The cultivated land area increased 97.28km2, the woodland area decreased 527.65km2, the grassland area increased 197.36km2, the water area increased 6.30km2, the construction land area increased 336.99km2. (3) the per capita ecological carrying capacity of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone increased from 0.7267gha/ capper in 1990 to the per capita health in 2010. The per capita ecological carrying capacity was reduced by 0.1707gha / cap in 20 years to 0.5560gha / cap. From 1990 to 2010, the composition of ecological carrying capacity in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone was relatively stable. The proportion of ecological carrying capacity per capita provided by each land use type was from large to small in order of cultivated land, woodland, construction land, water area and grassland. Of which, The change range of the proportion of cultivated land is 55.54-57.56, the proportion of forest land 34.19-36.91, the proportion of construction land 6.44-7.70, the proportion of water area 0.30-0.33 and the proportion of grassland 0.55-0.58. (4) Guangxi. The spatial distribution of ecological carrying capacity in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is extremely uneven. The distribution pattern of zonal distribution is consistent with that of local distribution. The two mountain ranges are separated by Daming Mountain and 100000 Dashan. The ecological carrying capacity of the two mountain ranges is high. The supply of ecological carrying capacity in each city is also uneven. Among them, the ecological carrying capacity of the south and middle of Nanning City, the south of Beihai City, the southwest of Qinzhou City and the southeast of Fangchenggang City are relatively high. Other areas are lower. (5) the ecological carrying capacity of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is relatively stable while the ecological carrying capacity transfer of each land use type is more frequent and the transfer direction and transfer trend are different. Nanning City and coastal areas of the transfer of a larger amount.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X321;P208;TP79

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