三峡沿库城镇生态网络构建与优化——以重庆开州新城为例

发布时间：2018-07-05 13:04

本文选题：生态规划 + 景观连接度　；参考：《生态学杂志》2017年03期

【摘要】：生境破碎化是城市生物多样性保护和生态系统完整性面临的主要威胁。构建生态网络,提高生境斑块间的连接水平,可以有效缓解城市生态环境问题。在当前三峡库区快速城镇化、栖息地破碎与部分生境消失不可避免的背景下,本文以库区开州新城为例,从有利于乡土树种扩散定居过程为切入点,以GIS技术为支撑,应用最小费用模型模拟潜在路径,构建城市生态网络;并结合图论功能连接度指数验证网络连接的最优阈值,评价并划分斑块/连接的重要等级,从而确定新城栖息地/廊道保护、恢复的优先顺序。本研究筛选得到75个生境源斑块;乡土树枫杨种子传播的最远距离300 m是网络模拟、评价的适宜阈值。在该距离条件下,识别出98条路径连接,其中重要性高的路径主要分布在澎溪河-汉丰湖沿岸,包括规划院附属绿地与湖滨公园连接,跨江高速大桥两侧的湖滨绿地连接;若这两条连接被移除,网络整体连接度将下降19.1%。此外,研究发现,网络路径连接的重要性与其两端的斑块重要性不存在显著相关,但与斑块所处的空间位置及其自身形状特征有关。针对网络现状与模拟空白区存在的问题,本文提出了相应的网络优化对策。研究结果可为三峡库区城市/镇开展生态网络规划提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:Habitat fragmentation is a major threat to urban biodiversity conservation and ecosystem integrity. Constructing ecological network and improving the connection level between habitat patches can effectively alleviate the urban ecological environment problems. Under the background of rapid urbanization, habitat fragmentation and the disappearance of some habitats in the three Gorges Reservoir area, this paper takes Kaizhou New Town in the reservoir area as an example, starting from the process of facilitating the spread and settlement of native tree species, and taking GIS technology as the support. The minimum cost model is used to simulate the potential path to construct the urban ecological network, and the optimal threshold of the network connection is verified by the graph theory functional connectivity index, and the important grade of patch / connection is evaluated and divided. Thus determine the new city habitat / corridor protection, restoration priorities. In this study, 75 habitat source patches were obtained, and the maximum distance of seed propagation of local maple poplar was 300m, which was the suitable threshold for network simulation and evaluation. Under this distance, 98 paths are identified, among which the most important ones are located along the banks of Penghuxihe-Hanfeng Lake, including the connection between the affiliated greenbelt and the lakeside park, and the greenbelt connection on the two sides of the cross-river highway bridge. If these two connections are removed, the overall connectivity of the network will be reduced by 19.1g. In addition, it is found that the importance of network path connection is not significantly related to the importance of patch at both ends of the patch, but to the spatial location of the patch and its own shape characteristics. Aiming at the current situation of the network and the problems existing in the simulated blank area, this paper puts forward the corresponding network optimization countermeasures. The results can be used as a reference for the planning of ecological network in the three Gorges Reservoir area.
【作者单位】：西南大学地理科学学院;中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51408584和41571497) 中科院西部之光博士项目(Y43A370N10) 重庆科委应用开发项目(cstc2014yykf C20002,Y33A172N10)资助
【分类号】：X321;P208

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