基于GIS的洪水仿真及洪水要素可视化
发布时间：2018-08-03 14:45
【摘要】：洪水是最常见、最普遍的自然灾害。与其他自然灾害相比，，中国明显更易受到洪水的危害，会对环境和社会造成巨大的影响。当前人类虽然不能完全实现对洪水的管理，但是通过采用合理的工程和非工程措施，可以将洪水灾害造成的损失降到最低。要实现洪水管理，可靠、准确的洪水要素信息则是必需的，洪水仿真在这方面起着重要的作用。此外，由于洪水仿真涉及到很多的空间数据，而地理信息系统(Geographic Information System，GIS)作为空间数据管理和分析的重要技术，对于仿真有着极大的支持与辅助作用。 本文分析了洪水数值模拟的水文水力学模型，研究了GIS空间数据管理和分析功能在洪水仿真过程中的重要作用，在GIS的基础上集成了一维和二维的水力学洪水数值模拟，用来实施对河道及泛区的洪水仿真。文中以汉江下游河道及其泛区为研究背景，对汉江下游地区洪水基本要素的获得及其可视化进行了研究。主要内容概括如下： (1)对现有的洪水模拟方法进行综述，并进行了比较。 (2)本文采用水文水力学方法进行洪水数值模拟仿真，对于一维和二维模型做重点介绍，并对当前洪水仿真常用的数值计算方法进行了总结。 (3) GIS在洪水模拟仿真方面有着重要作用，本文建立了基于GIS的河道与洪泛区洪水模拟模型，对HEC-RAS、TELAMC-2D的原理和功能进行了叙述，介绍了其使用方法。 (4)运用基于GIS的洪水仿真模型研究了汉江下游地区在给定情况下的洪水演进过程，得到了洪水要素信息，实现了洪水要素的可视化与分析。
[Abstract]:Floods are the most common and most common natural disasters. Compared with other natural disasters, China is obviously more vulnerable to floods and has a great impact on the environment and society. Although human beings can not manage the flood completely at present, the loss caused by flood disaster can be reduced to the minimum by adopting reasonable engineering and non-engineering measures. In order to realize flood management, reliable and accurate information of flood elements is necessary. Flood simulation plays an important role in this aspect. In addition, flood simulation involves a lot of spatial data. As an important technology of spatial data management and analysis, GIS (Geographic Information system GIS) plays a very important role in simulation. In this paper, the hydrohydraulic model of flood numerical simulation is analyzed, and the important role of GIS spatial data management and analysis function in flood simulation process is studied. Based on GIS, one and two dimensional hydrological flood numerical simulation are integrated. It is used to simulate the flood of river and pan-region. In this paper, the basic elements of flood in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River and its visualization are studied under the background of the study of the lower Hanjiang river channel and its pan-region. The main contents are summarized as follows: (1) the existing flood simulation methods are summarized and compared. (2) the hydrohydraulic method is used to simulate the flood numerical simulation in this paper. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional models are introduced emphatically, and the numerical methods commonly used in flood simulation are summarized. (3) GIS plays an important role in flood simulation. In this paper, a flood simulation model based on GIS is established, and the principle and function of HEC-RASA TELAMC-2D are described. (4) the flood simulation model based on GIS is used to study the flood routing process in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River under given conditions. The information of flood elements is obtained, and the visualization and analysis of flood elements are realized.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TV87;P208
本文编号：2162077
[Abstract]:Floods are the most common and most common natural disasters. Compared with other natural disasters, China is obviously more vulnerable to floods and has a great impact on the environment and society. Although human beings can not manage the flood completely at present, the loss caused by flood disaster can be reduced to the minimum by adopting reasonable engineering and non-engineering measures. In order to realize flood management, reliable and accurate information of flood elements is necessary. Flood simulation plays an important role in this aspect. In addition, flood simulation involves a lot of spatial data. As an important technology of spatial data management and analysis, GIS (Geographic Information system GIS) plays a very important role in simulation. In this paper, the hydrohydraulic model of flood numerical simulation is analyzed, and the important role of GIS spatial data management and analysis function in flood simulation process is studied. Based on GIS, one and two dimensional hydrological flood numerical simulation are integrated. It is used to simulate the flood of river and pan-region. In this paper, the basic elements of flood in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River and its visualization are studied under the background of the study of the lower Hanjiang river channel and its pan-region. The main contents are summarized as follows: (1) the existing flood simulation methods are summarized and compared. (2) the hydrohydraulic method is used to simulate the flood numerical simulation in this paper. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional models are introduced emphatically, and the numerical methods commonly used in flood simulation are summarized. (3) GIS plays an important role in flood simulation. In this paper, a flood simulation model based on GIS is established, and the principle and function of HEC-RASA TELAMC-2D are described. (4) the flood simulation model based on GIS is used to study the flood routing process in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River under given conditions. The information of flood elements is obtained, and the visualization and analysis of flood elements are realized.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TV87;P208
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