3S技术在地理国情普查信息采集中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-08-04 08:06
【摘要】：改革开放三十多年以来,随着经济社会的快速发展,产业结构不合理,城乡发展不平衡,同时资源短缺,环境污染等问题日益严重。这些问题要求我们加快开展地理国情监测,为促进社会全面协调可持续地科学发展提供真实可靠和权威的地理国情信息。因此为了全面掌握我国的地理国情现状,科学制定国家发展战略与规划,2013年2月28日,国务院下发了《关于开展第一次全国地理国情普查的通知》,这是我国首次开展的全国性地理信息普查。本文在此次全国地理国情普查的基础上,以四川省资阳市某县为例,进行3S(GIS、RS、GNSS)技术在国情普查信息采集中的应用研究,主要研究内容如下。(1)根据地理国情普查定义和普查内容要求,对地理国情普查资料进行收集、整合,并对各资料的使用原则进行阐述。其中地理国情普查资料主要包括影像资料,基础地理信息资料和专业资料。(2)针对地理国情要素属性更新要求与研究区国情要素属性数据的特点,提出了借助ArcEngine平台实现属性自动更新的方法,包括开发平台的选择、相似线的判断、属性自动更新等过程。其中相似线判断是本方法的重点,主要包含了5种不同相似情况,通过建立规则逐层筛选,最终得到唯一的相似线,从而实现属性自动更新。(3)通过对研究区地形、地貌和现有数据状况的分析,结合地表覆盖分类的要求,探讨了基于面向对象分类同目视解译相结合的半自动分类方法。包括影像分割、自动分类和后期修改与编辑等。重点阐述了研究区影像分割的尺度选择,自动分类中的层次建立、特征获取、样本采集等。最后将分类结果进行精度验证,表明此方法是可行的。通过本文的研究表明,3S技术综合集成应用在地理国情普查中有着重要的基础和技术支撑作用。在地理国情普查过程中,科学地运用3S技术,能实现一定程度的国情数据采集自动化,大大的减少了人工工作量,提高了国情普查工作的效率;同时提出一套可行的地理国情普查信息采集技术路线,对今后地理国情可持续监测也具有一定的技术参考价值。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up for more than 30 years, with the rapid development of economy and society, the industrial structure is unreasonable, the development of urban and rural areas is not balanced, and the problems such as shortage of resources and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious. These problems require us to speed up the development of geographical situation monitoring, to promote the overall coordinated and sustainable scientific development of society to provide true, reliable and authoritative geographic information. Therefore, in order to comprehensively understand the current situation of our country's geographical situation, and scientifically formulate the national development strategy and plan, on February 28, 2013, The State Council has issued the Circular on the first National Geographic National Survey, which is the first nationwide geographic information survey in China. On the basis of the national geographical situation survey, taking a county in Ziyang City, Sichuan Province as an example, this paper studies the application of 3s (GIS-RS _ (GNSS) technology in the information collection of the national situation census. The main research contents are as follows: (1) according to the definition and requirements of the census of geographical conditions, the data of the census of geographical conditions are collected and integrated, and the principles of the use of the data are expounded. The general survey data of geographical conditions mainly include image data, basic geographic information data and professional data. (2) aiming at the requirement of updating the attributes of geographical national factors and the characteristics of the attribute data of national conditions in the study area, This paper presents a method of automatic attribute updating with the help of ArcEngine platform, including the selection of development platform, the judgment of similarity lines, the automatic updating of attributes and so on. The judgment of similar lines is the focus of this method, which mainly includes five different similar cases. By establishing rules to filter through layer by layer, the unique similar lines are finally obtained. (3) by means of terrain of the study area, the attributes can be automatically updated. Based on the analysis of geomorphology and existing data and the requirements of land cover classification, a semi-automatic classification method based on object oriented classification and visual interpretation is discussed. Including image segmentation, automatic classification and post-revision and editing. In this paper, the scale selection of image segmentation, the establishment of hierarchy in automatic classification, feature acquisition, sample collection and so on are discussed. Finally, the accuracy of the classification results is verified, which shows that this method is feasible. Through the research in this paper, it is shown that the application of integrated technology in the field of geographical situation survey plays an important role in the foundation and technical support. In the process of geography national situation census, using 3s technology scientifically can realize the automation of data collection in a certain degree, greatly reduce the workload of labor and improve the efficiency of the census of national conditions. At the same time, this paper puts forward a set of feasible technical route of GIS census information collection, which also has certain technical reference value for the sustainable monitoring of geographical situation in the future.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P208;P228.4;P237
本文编号：2163193
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up for more than 30 years, with the rapid development of economy and society, the industrial structure is unreasonable, the development of urban and rural areas is not balanced, and the problems such as shortage of resources and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious. These problems require us to speed up the development of geographical situation monitoring, to promote the overall coordinated and sustainable scientific development of society to provide true, reliable and authoritative geographic information. Therefore, in order to comprehensively understand the current situation of our country's geographical situation, and scientifically formulate the national development strategy and plan, on February 28, 2013, The State Council has issued the Circular on the first National Geographic National Survey, which is the first nationwide geographic information survey in China. On the basis of the national geographical situation survey, taking a county in Ziyang City, Sichuan Province as an example, this paper studies the application of 3s (GIS-RS _ (GNSS) technology in the information collection of the national situation census. The main research contents are as follows: (1) according to the definition and requirements of the census of geographical conditions, the data of the census of geographical conditions are collected and integrated, and the principles of the use of the data are expounded. The general survey data of geographical conditions mainly include image data, basic geographic information data and professional data. (2) aiming at the requirement of updating the attributes of geographical national factors and the characteristics of the attribute data of national conditions in the study area, This paper presents a method of automatic attribute updating with the help of ArcEngine platform, including the selection of development platform, the judgment of similarity lines, the automatic updating of attributes and so on. The judgment of similar lines is the focus of this method, which mainly includes five different similar cases. By establishing rules to filter through layer by layer, the unique similar lines are finally obtained. (3) by means of terrain of the study area, the attributes can be automatically updated. Based on the analysis of geomorphology and existing data and the requirements of land cover classification, a semi-automatic classification method based on object oriented classification and visual interpretation is discussed. Including image segmentation, automatic classification and post-revision and editing. In this paper, the scale selection of image segmentation, the establishment of hierarchy in automatic classification, feature acquisition, sample collection and so on are discussed. Finally, the accuracy of the classification results is verified, which shows that this method is feasible. Through the research in this paper, it is shown that the application of integrated technology in the field of geographical situation survey plays an important role in the foundation and technical support. In the process of geography national situation census, using 3s technology scientifically can realize the automation of data collection in a certain degree, greatly reduce the workload of labor and improve the efficiency of the census of national conditions. At the same time, this paper puts forward a set of feasible technical route of GIS census information collection, which also has certain technical reference value for the sustainable monitoring of geographical situation in the future.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P208;P228.4;P237
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