基于Landsat遥感数据的杭州不透水地面提取与分析
发布时间：2018-10-11 11:07
【摘要】：中国快速的城镇化推动城市扩展,导致城市土地利用和土地覆盖的巨大变化,带来一系列的环境问题,研究城市发展与环境间的相互作用机制具有重要意义。城市不透水地面比率是城市化的一个重要指标,通过分析城市不透水地面的分布与变化,从而揭示城市发展及其环境变化。遥感和地理信息系统技术的结合为城市研究提供了更加科学有效的方法。本文应用遥感、地理信息系统技术和定量分析相结合的方法研究杭州城市不透水地面的时空变化特征,采用植被-不透水地面-土壤(vegetation-impervious-surface-soil,V-I-S)模型和线性光谱混合分析(1inear spectral mixture analysis,LSMA)研究杭州市的城市不透水地面变化。采用的数据包括数字化的杭州行政界线数据、杭州的社会经济数据、2000年、2005年和2010年的Landsat TM遥感影像数据。 首先,本文阐述了基于遥感影像的土地利用土地覆盖信息提取的背景和重要性,介绍了土地利用土地覆盖、线性光谱混合模型和植被-不透水地面-土壤模型的概念和发展,以及目前的相关研究,总结遥感和地理信息系统技术在城市研究中的应用现状。本文用遥感技术来提取多时相的杭州城市不透水地面的信息。先对遥感数据进行大气校正和几何校正等预处理。选择四个端元,采用线性光谱混合分析方法提取杭州市的不透水地面信息,并进行精读检验,分析期间不透水地面变化的空间特征。以市辖区为分析单位,分析杭州不透水地面在过去10年间的变化,分析杭州不透水地面的时空变化,揭示其变化的驱动力机制,并用定量方法分析杭州不透水地面的时空特征。采用不透水地面年均扩展比率衡量不透水地面的扩张速率,通过比较不同时期变化的强弱和快慢,揭示不透水地面的时空变化特征。采用泰尔指数比较分析不透水地面在城市不同区位的变化。最后,采用多元逐步回归分析研究不透水地面变化与杭州经济社会要素之间相互影响机制。同时从自然因素、文化因素、政府调控出发定性分析其对不透水地面的作用。 本文运用遥感、地理信息系统技术和定量分析相结合的方法研究了杭州不透水地面和社会经济发展间的相互作用机制。研究成果能准确客观地分析杭州不透水地面在过去10年间的变化特征,为杭州未来的城市发展和建设提供科学的理论依据,为未来城市发展的优化提供建议。
[Abstract]:Rapid urbanization in China promotes urban expansion, resulting in great changes in urban land use and land cover, and a series of environmental problems. It is of great significance to study the interaction mechanism between urban development and environment. Urban impermeable surface ratio is an important indicator of urbanization. By analyzing the distribution and change of urban impermeable surface, the urban development and its environmental change can be revealed. The combination of remote sensing and GIS provides a more scientific and effective method for urban research. In this paper, the spatial and temporal characteristics of impermeable ground in Hangzhou city are studied by means of remote sensing, geographic information system technology and quantitative analysis. Vegetation-impervious-surface-soil,V-I-S model and linear spectral mixing analysis (1inear spectral mixture analysis,LSMA) were used to study the changes of impermeable surface in Hangzhou. The data used include digital Hangzhou administrative boundary data, Hangzhou socio-economic data, 2000, 2005 and 2010 Landsat TM remote sensing image data. Firstly, this paper describes the background and importance of land cover information extraction based on remote sensing image, and introduces the concept and development of land use land cover, linear spectral mixture model and vegetation-impermeable ground-soil model. And related research, summarize the application status of remote sensing and GIS technology in urban research. In this paper, remote sensing technology is used to extract the information of impermeable ground in Hangzhou. First, the atmospheric correction and geometric correction of remote sensing data are preprocessed. Four end elements were selected to extract the information of impermeable ground in Hangzhou by linear spectral mixing analysis, and the spatial characteristics of the changes of impermeable ground during the period were analyzed. Taking the municipal district as an analytical unit, this paper analyzes the changes of the impermeable surface in Hangzhou in the past 10 years, analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of the impermeable surface in Hangzhou, reveals the driving force mechanism of the change, and analyzes the space-time characteristics of the impervious surface in Hangzhou by quantitative method. The average annual expansion ratio of impermeable ground is used to measure the expansion rate of impermeable ground, and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of impermeable ground are revealed by comparing the magnitude and speed of the changes in different periods. The changes of impermeable surface in different locations of cities were analyzed by using Tyr index. Finally, multiple stepwise regression analysis is used to study the interaction between impermeable surface changes and economic and social factors in Hangzhou. At the same time, from the natural factors, cultural factors, government regulation, qualitative analysis of its role on impermeable ground. In this paper, the interaction mechanism between impermeable surface and social economic development in Hangzhou is studied by means of remote sensing, geographic information system and quantitative analysis. The research results can accurately and objectively analyze the changing characteristics of impermeable ground in Hangzhou in the past 10 years, provide scientific theoretical basis for the future urban development and construction of Hangzhou, and provide suggestions for the optimization of urban development in the future.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P237;TU984
本文编号：2263967
[Abstract]:Rapid urbanization in China promotes urban expansion, resulting in great changes in urban land use and land cover, and a series of environmental problems. It is of great significance to study the interaction mechanism between urban development and environment. Urban impermeable surface ratio is an important indicator of urbanization. By analyzing the distribution and change of urban impermeable surface, the urban development and its environmental change can be revealed. The combination of remote sensing and GIS provides a more scientific and effective method for urban research. In this paper, the spatial and temporal characteristics of impermeable ground in Hangzhou city are studied by means of remote sensing, geographic information system technology and quantitative analysis. Vegetation-impervious-surface-soil,V-I-S model and linear spectral mixing analysis (1inear spectral mixture analysis,LSMA) were used to study the changes of impermeable surface in Hangzhou. The data used include digital Hangzhou administrative boundary data, Hangzhou socio-economic data, 2000, 2005 and 2010 Landsat TM remote sensing image data. Firstly, this paper describes the background and importance of land cover information extraction based on remote sensing image, and introduces the concept and development of land use land cover, linear spectral mixture model and vegetation-impermeable ground-soil model. And related research, summarize the application status of remote sensing and GIS technology in urban research. In this paper, remote sensing technology is used to extract the information of impermeable ground in Hangzhou. First, the atmospheric correction and geometric correction of remote sensing data are preprocessed. Four end elements were selected to extract the information of impermeable ground in Hangzhou by linear spectral mixing analysis, and the spatial characteristics of the changes of impermeable ground during the period were analyzed. Taking the municipal district as an analytical unit, this paper analyzes the changes of the impermeable surface in Hangzhou in the past 10 years, analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of the impermeable surface in Hangzhou, reveals the driving force mechanism of the change, and analyzes the space-time characteristics of the impervious surface in Hangzhou by quantitative method. The average annual expansion ratio of impermeable ground is used to measure the expansion rate of impermeable ground, and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of impermeable ground are revealed by comparing the magnitude and speed of the changes in different periods. The changes of impermeable surface in different locations of cities were analyzed by using Tyr index. Finally, multiple stepwise regression analysis is used to study the interaction between impermeable surface changes and economic and social factors in Hangzhou. At the same time, from the natural factors, cultural factors, government regulation, qualitative analysis of its role on impermeable ground. In this paper, the interaction mechanism between impermeable surface and social economic development in Hangzhou is studied by means of remote sensing, geographic information system and quantitative analysis. The research results can accurately and objectively analyze the changing characteristics of impermeable ground in Hangzhou in the past 10 years, provide scientific theoretical basis for the future urban development and construction of Hangzhou, and provide suggestions for the optimization of urban development in the future.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P237;TU984
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