GPS用于地壳形变监测的数据处理研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 18:12

【摘要】：GPS技术因其定位精度高和全天候实时观测等优点被许多国家推宠。由于更多的GPS跟踪站的建立,地学学者改善GPS数据处理软件的解算策略,提高其解算精度,利用GPS观测数据应用到各种地学研究工作中,如地震、火山、地裂缝、海啸等地壳运动。GPS站点多年连续观测,已累积大量的数据,这为区域地壳形变分析提供了丰富的数据基础。本文叙述了ITRF框架的发展历史及精度,比较了各个框架之间的精度,为GPS数据处理做好解算基准,探究分析了不同模式下长、短基线混合解及对坐标精度的影响。同时,利用南加州地区的GPS连续观测资料进行数据处理获取到GPS坐标时间序列以及南加州区域的水平速度场。本文主要的研究内容和进展如下:(1)本文探究了不同框架对GPS站点的影响,ITRF随着时间的更新也在不断的精化。对于不同时期的数据,要统一框架,框架的选择对数据解算起着重要的基准。(2)本文探究了长、短基线混合解算,从基线的解算策略、基线收敛性等方面研究。当精度要求较高时,大区域GPS混合网不能进行长、短基线混合解算,需进行分网分开解算。(3)本文利用南加州数据,获取该地区的时间序列,并进行分析处理,去除其趋势项,通过快速傅里叶变换,获得其年周期项和半年周期项,同时又进行谱分析,发现存在偏离1.0cpy的异常周期信号,可能是共模误差、地表负荷、GPS未模型化误差导致的。(4)本文利用南加州数据,获取该地区在ITRF2008框架下的速度场,整体速度走向北偏西47.3度,利用欧拉矢量公式,扣除板块运动,获得相对于北美板块的速度,整体走势北偏西41.7度。与unavco网站提供的结果,在趋势和量级上基本一致,结果可靠。
[Abstract]:GPS technology has been favored by many countries because of its high positioning accuracy and all-weather real-time observation. Due to the establishment of more GPS tracking stations, geoscientists improve the solution strategy and accuracy of GPS data processing software, and use GPS observation data to apply to various geoscience research work, such as earthquakes, volcanoes, ground fractures, etc. The crustal movement, such as tsunami, has been continuously observed by the GPS station for many years, and a large amount of data have been accumulated, which provides a rich data base for the analysis of regional crustal deformation. This paper describes the development history and accuracy of ITRF frame, compares the accuracy of each frame, makes a good calculation benchmark for GPS data processing, and probes into the mixed solutions of long and short baselines in different modes and their influence on coordinate accuracy. At the same time, the time series of GPS coordinates and the horizontal velocity field of Southern California region are obtained by using the GPS continuous observation data in Southern California. The main contents and progress of this paper are as follows: (1) this paper explores the impact of different frameworks on GPS sites, and ITRF is constantly refined over time. For the data of different periods, to unify the frame, the selection of the frame plays an important role in the data solution. (2) this paper explores the mixed solution of long and short baselines, and studies the solution strategy of baselines and the convergence of baselines. When the precision requirement is high, the GPS hybrid network in large area can not be solved with long or short baselines, so it is necessary to separate the network. (3) in this paper, the time series of this area are obtained by using the data of Southern California, and the trend items are removed by analyzing and processing. Through fast Fourier transform, the annual and semi-annual periodic terms are obtained. At the same time, spectral analysis shows that there are abnormal periodic signals deviating from 1.0cpy, which may be common mode errors. Surface load, GPS unmodeled error. (4) using Southern California data, the velocity field of this area under the ITRF2008 frame is obtained, the overall velocity is 47.3 degrees west-north, and the plate motion is deducted by using Euler vector formula. Obtained relative to the North American plate speed, the overall trend north-west 41.7 degrees. With unavco website provides the result, in the trend and the order of magnitude basically consistent, the result is reliable.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P228.4;P227

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