基于GIS的城市应急避难场所布局研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 15:19

【摘要】：构建城市应急避难场所避难适宜性评价指标体系,采用信息熵模型确定适宜性评价指标权重,利用多指标指数加权平均值对城市应急避难场所进行适宜性评价。基于应急避难场所的入口和周边应急通道网络分析应急避难场所的服务范围。综合以上分析结合应急避难场所选址原则确定新增应急避难场所备选场址。选取中值模型和最大覆盖模型对备选场所做定量分析,结合GIS网络分析等空间分析技术进行应急避难场所布局综合决策,确定新增应急避难场所最佳位置。形成应急避难场所布局优化完整方法。研究以廊坊市应急避难场所为实例展开,为城市的应急避难场所规划建设提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:The evaluation index system of urban emergency shelter suitability is constructed. The information entropy model is used to determine the weight of suitability evaluation index, and the multi-index weighted average is used to evaluate the suitability of urban emergency shelter. The service range of emergency shelter is analyzed based on the entrance of emergency shelter and the network of surrounding emergency channel. The above analysis combined with the emergency shelter site selection principle to determine the additional emergency asylum site alternative sites. The median model and the maximum coverage model are selected to make quantitative analysis of the alternative sites. Combined with the spatial analysis techniques such as GIS network analysis, the comprehensive decision of emergency shelter layout is carried out to determine the best location of the newly added emergency shelter. To form a complete method for optimizing the layout of emergency shelters. The study takes Langfang emergency shelter as an example to provide reference for urban emergency shelter planning and construction.
【作者单位】：防灾科技学院地震科学系;防灾科技学院灾害信息工程系;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研资助项目(2014013109) 廊坊市科技技术研究与发展计划自筹经费项目(2014013109)
【分类号】：P208;TU984.116

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