基于遥感技术的吉林西部盐碱地整治规划研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 20:27

【摘要】：随着遥感技术在国土资源领域的广泛应用，多波段、多时相的遥感数据已被用于盐碱地的监测与调查研究中。综合运用遥感和地理信息系统技术，客观、快速、有效地获取土地盐碱化信息，进而分析盐碱地的变化趋势及其影响因素，并为盐碱地整治规划提供科学数据依据，具有十分重要的现实意义。本文以吉林省西部盐碱地分布较为集中的10个区（县）所在区域作为研究区，采用遥感技术与GIS相结合的方法，以SPOT-5和BJ-1数据为遥感数据源，对盐碱地遥感监测技术方法及其质量结果分析进行评价研究。重点对盐碱地遥感监测技术流程与盐碱地信息解译技术方法进行了研究。通过对遥感数据进行波段组合、几何校正、图像融合、图像镶嵌及剪裁等预处理，结合区域相关资料，建立研究区盐碱地解译标志，利用人机交互目视解译的方法定量研究盐碱地在空间尺度上的变化，快速、全面和定量地提取盐碱地信息；并从盐碱地面积、分布、盐碱化程度等几个方面对盐碱地解译结果进行汇总、分析，得到盐碱地的定量化分析结果，在此基础上，按照一定的分区原则，将研究区划分为三个级别的盐碱地整治潜力区以及盐碱地整治重点区域；在进行以上充分分析研究的基础上，结合吉林西部盐碱地成因提出与之相适宜的盐碱地整治规划措施，因地制宜地进行盐碱地整治改良，，为科学开发和合理利用盐碱地资源提供科学的规划依据,促进吉林西部经济与社会的可持续和跨越式发展。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of remote sensing technology in the field of land and resources, multi-band and multi-phase remote sensing data have been used in the monitoring and investigation of saline-alkali land. By synthetically using remote sensing and GIS technology, objective, fast and effective land salinization information is obtained, and the changing trend of saline-alkali land and its influencing factors are analyzed, and scientific data basis for saline-alkali land remediation planning is provided. It has very important practical significance. In this paper, 10 districts (counties) located in the western part of Jilin Province are used as the research area, and the SPOT-5 and BJ-1 data are used as the data source of remote sensing using the method of combining remote sensing technology with GIS, and using the data of SPOT-5 and BJ-1 as the data source of remote sensing. The method of remote sensing monitoring and its quality analysis in saline-alkali soil were evaluated and studied. The technological process of remote sensing monitoring and the method of interpreting the information of saline-alkali soil are mainly studied in this paper. By preprocessing the remote sensing data such as band combination, geometric correction, image fusion, image mosaic and cutting, and combining the relevant data of the region, the interpretation mark of saline-alkali soil in the study area was established. The change of saline-alkali land on spatial scale is studied quantitatively by the method of human-computer interactive visual interpretation, and the information of saline-alkali land is extracted quickly, comprehensively and quantitatively. And from several aspects of saline-alkali soil area, distribution, salinization degree and so on, the interpretation results of saline-alkali soil are summarized and analyzed, and the quantitative analysis results of saline-alkali soil are obtained. On this basis, according to certain zoning principle, The study zonation is divided into three levels of saline-alkali land remediation potential area and the key area of saline-alkali land remediation. On the basis of the above analysis and research, combined with the cause of formation of saline-alkali land in the west of Jilin Province, the appropriate planning measures for saline-alkali land remediation are put forward, and the saline-alkali land remediation and improvement are carried out in accordance with local conditions. It provides scientific planning basis for scientific exploitation and rational utilization of saline-alkali land resources, and promotes the sustainable and leap-forward development of the economy and society in the western part of Jilin Province.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P237

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