地理数据库驱动的地形图制图表达技术研究及集成应用
发布时间：2018-11-14 19:50
【摘要】：地形图是基础地理信息最直观的表达载体,广泛应用于国民经济和国防建设。各行各业的用户除了需要现势性好的多种地理信息数据外,同样需要图形化的制图数据或纸质地形图。长期以来,由于受到技术条件和经济发展水平的限制,国家基本比例尺地形图更新缓慢,1：5万、1：1万等比例尺地形图大部分为上世纪70～90年代测绘或修测,内容十分陈旧。而用户对地形图现势性的基本需求是一年、甚至几个月,地形图的现势性远远不能满足经济社会发展的应用需要,亟待更新。 传统的地形图更新生产采用立体测图修编或地图编绘等方式,技术环节多,人工作业量大,生产效率较低,地图生产周期长。随着国家基础地理数据库建设与更新逐步推进和深入,国家1：100万、1：25万、1：5万数据库已建成并实现动态更新,每年更新一次。全国绝大部分省建立了1：1万基础地理数据库,许多城市建立了1：500等大比例尺空间地理框架,各地根据实际情况,逐步实现快速更新。毫无疑问,现实性强、可靠性高、更新速度快的基础地形数据库为地形图制作与更新提供了良好的数据前提,但由于地形图更新生产技术问题,地形图更新速度及现势性远远滞后于基础数据库。因此,对地形图制图与更新的技术改造升级势在必行。 本文研究了数据库驱动的地形图制图机制,建立多源驱动的要素智能符号化、属性驱动的智能化注记配置、元数据驱动的智能化图面整饰等系列规则,在理论层面对基于图库联动的地形图制图技术进行了深度挖掘,设计开发了一套集友好制图界面、组件式制图符号系统、基础地理信息生僻字库、管理端模块、生产端模块、质量控制模块于一体的制图生产与管理系统,在国家1：5万地形图制图工程中实现与应用。本文主要工作和创新性成果为： (1)研究了基础地理数据库驱动地形图制图的数据模型和表达机制,发展建立了1：5万基础地理数据库与制图数据库一体化空间数据模型。通过对基础地理数据库进行物理扩展、逻辑重组、关联关系,按照国家基本地形图图式规范要求,在数据库属性项中增加制图表达信息和规则,实现将地理要素对象的几何位置、属性、拓扑关系及制图表达一体化融合建模。 (2)研究创建了1：5万基础地理数据库驱动制图的系列规则,包括多源驱动的符号配置、注记配置、地图整饰配置、制图冲突检测与优化配置、质量检查等规则。利用这些规则,可以大幅提高利用基础地理数据库更新或生产地形图的自动化程度。 (3)实现了将经过编辑处理后的制图数据入库到基础地理数据库中,并与相应的地理要素的关系进行重构,从而建立制图数据库,建成后的制图数据库不仅包含了地理数据库的全部内容,还具有重定义的制图表达规则,从根本上实现了两库的集成管理。 (4)对基础地理数据库与地形图联动更新技术进行研究探讨。基础地理数据库驱动的地形图制图技术,使地理要素与制图表达之间实现要素级、符号级和注记级的紧密关联,利用地形数据库的更新增量信息,通过制图数据的增量自动识别、制图表达自动匹配,辅以自动化工具和少量人工干预,实现制图数据的同步快速更新。 (5)针对国家1：5万地形图制图工程的需要,设计了国家1：5万地形图制图生产与管理系统,并在工程中实现和全面应用。在一体化建库大环境下,实现了地图注记的智能化配置、地图符号的优化处理、地图要素的人机交互编辑、地图整饰的自处理、地图要素冲突的自检测、数据质量的自检查等,解决了利用国家1：5万基础地理数据库快速更新生产地形图的问题。
[Abstract]:Topographic map is the most direct expression vector of basic geographic information, which is widely used in national economy and national defense construction. In addition to a variety of geographic information data, users of all walks of life also need to have a graphic data or a paper topographic map. For a long time, due to the limitation of the technical conditions and the economic development level, the national basic scale topographic map is updated slowly, and the scale topographic map of 1: 50000 and 1: 10,000 is most of the mapping or repair survey in the 1970s to 1990s, and the content is very old. And the basic requirement of the user to the present situation of the topographic map is one year, and even a few months, the current situation of the topographic map is far from meeting the needs of the application of the economic and social development, and needs to be updated urgently. The traditional topographic map updating production adopts a three-dimensional map modification or map compilation method, so that the technical link is large, the manual operation amount is large, the production efficiency is low, and the map production week The period is long. With the construction and updating of the country's basic geographic database, the national 1: 1 million, 1: 250,000, 1: 50000 database has been completed and the dynamic update is realized, and it is updated every year once a year, the vast majority of the provinces of the country have set up a basic geographic database of 1: 1 million, and many cities have set up a large-scale spatial geographic framework, such as 1: 500, all over the country, according to the actual situation, the rapid implementation of the rapid There is no doubt that the basic terrain database with strong reality, high reliability and high update speed provides good data for the production and updating of the topographic map. However, due to the technical problems of the updating of the topographic map, the updating speed and the current potential of the topographic map are far behind the basic number. according to the library, the technical transformation and upgrading potential of the topographic map drawing and the updating is The paper studies the mapping mechanism of the topographic map driven by the database, establishes the intelligent symbol of the elements of the multi-source driving, the intelligent note-recording configuration of the attribute-driven, the intelligent drawing finishing of the metadata driving, According to the series of rules, the depth mining is carried out on the map drawing technology based on the library linkage at the theoretical level, a set of set-friendly drawing interface, a component-type drawing symbol system, a basic geographic information remote word base and a management end module are designed and developed, the production end module and the quality control module are integrated in a drawing production and management system, Realization and application. The main work and creation of this paper The new achievement is as follows: (1) The data model and the expression mechanism of the mapping of the basic geographic database driven topographic map are studied, and the development of the 1: 50000 basic geographic database and the mapping database is established. according to the requirements of the national basic topographic map schema specification, the mapping expression information and the rule are added in the database attribute items, so that the geographic element object is realized, Geometric locations, attributes, topological relationships, and chart diagrams Integrated fusion modeling. (2) The study has created a series of rules for the development of a 1: 50000 basic geographic database-driven mapping, including multi-source-driven symbol configuration, note-note configuration, map finishing configuration, mapping collision detection and optimization Rules such as configuration, quality check, etc. Use these rules to significantly increase the use of a base geodatabase update or and (3) the cartographic data after the editing processing is stored in the basic geographic database, and the relationship with the corresponding geographic elements is reconstructed, so that a drawing database is established, and the built drawing database does not only the entire content of the geographic database is included, and a redefined mapping expression rule is also provided, the integration management of the two banks is fundamentally realized; and (4) the basic geographic data The paper discusses the linkage and updating technology of the database and the topographic map. The mapping technology of the topographic map driven by the basic geographic database makes the close association of the element level, the symbol level and the note level between the geographical elements and the mapping expression, and uses the updated incremental information of the terrain database to make the mapping number. Automatic identification of the incremental, automatic mapping of the drawing expression, with automation tools and a small number of people "(5) The national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing is designed for the need of the national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing project." the production and management system is realized and fully applied in the engineering, and the intelligent configuration of the map note, the optimization processing of the map symbol, the man-machine interaction editing of the map elements and the self-processing of the whole map are realized under the large environment of the integrated building base, Self-detection of map element conflict, self-inspection of data quality, etc., solving the problem of using the country 1: 5
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P208;P284
本文编号：2332128
[Abstract]:Topographic map is the most direct expression vector of basic geographic information, which is widely used in national economy and national defense construction. In addition to a variety of geographic information data, users of all walks of life also need to have a graphic data or a paper topographic map. For a long time, due to the limitation of the technical conditions and the economic development level, the national basic scale topographic map is updated slowly, and the scale topographic map of 1: 50000 and 1: 10,000 is most of the mapping or repair survey in the 1970s to 1990s, and the content is very old. And the basic requirement of the user to the present situation of the topographic map is one year, and even a few months, the current situation of the topographic map is far from meeting the needs of the application of the economic and social development, and needs to be updated urgently. The traditional topographic map updating production adopts a three-dimensional map modification or map compilation method, so that the technical link is large, the manual operation amount is large, the production efficiency is low, and the map production week The period is long. With the construction and updating of the country's basic geographic database, the national 1: 1 million, 1: 250,000, 1: 50000 database has been completed and the dynamic update is realized, and it is updated every year once a year, the vast majority of the provinces of the country have set up a basic geographic database of 1: 1 million, and many cities have set up a large-scale spatial geographic framework, such as 1: 500, all over the country, according to the actual situation, the rapid implementation of the rapid There is no doubt that the basic terrain database with strong reality, high reliability and high update speed provides good data for the production and updating of the topographic map. However, due to the technical problems of the updating of the topographic map, the updating speed and the current potential of the topographic map are far behind the basic number. according to the library, the technical transformation and upgrading potential of the topographic map drawing and the updating is The paper studies the mapping mechanism of the topographic map driven by the database, establishes the intelligent symbol of the elements of the multi-source driving, the intelligent note-recording configuration of the attribute-driven, the intelligent drawing finishing of the metadata driving, According to the series of rules, the depth mining is carried out on the map drawing technology based on the library linkage at the theoretical level, a set of set-friendly drawing interface, a component-type drawing symbol system, a basic geographic information remote word base and a management end module are designed and developed, the production end module and the quality control module are integrated in a drawing production and management system, Realization and application. The main work and creation of this paper The new achievement is as follows: (1) The data model and the expression mechanism of the mapping of the basic geographic database driven topographic map are studied, and the development of the 1: 50000 basic geographic database and the mapping database is established. according to the requirements of the national basic topographic map schema specification, the mapping expression information and the rule are added in the database attribute items, so that the geographic element object is realized, Geometric locations, attributes, topological relationships, and chart diagrams Integrated fusion modeling. (2) The study has created a series of rules for the development of a 1: 50000 basic geographic database-driven mapping, including multi-source-driven symbol configuration, note-note configuration, map finishing configuration, mapping collision detection and optimization Rules such as configuration, quality check, etc. Use these rules to significantly increase the use of a base geodatabase update or and (3) the cartographic data after the editing processing is stored in the basic geographic database, and the relationship with the corresponding geographic elements is reconstructed, so that a drawing database is established, and the built drawing database does not only the entire content of the geographic database is included, and a redefined mapping expression rule is also provided, the integration management of the two banks is fundamentally realized; and (4) the basic geographic data The paper discusses the linkage and updating technology of the database and the topographic map. The mapping technology of the topographic map driven by the basic geographic database makes the close association of the element level, the symbol level and the note level between the geographical elements and the mapping expression, and uses the updated incremental information of the terrain database to make the mapping number. Automatic identification of the incremental, automatic mapping of the drawing expression, with automation tools and a small number of people "(5) The national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing is designed for the need of the national 1: 50,000 topographic map drawing project." the production and management system is realized and fully applied in the engineering, and the intelligent configuration of the map note, the optimization processing of the map symbol, the man-machine interaction editing of the map elements and the self-processing of the whole map are realized under the large environment of the integrated building base, Self-detection of map element conflict, self-inspection of data quality, etc., solving the problem of using the country 1: 5
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P208;P284
【参考文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 郭新成;拓扑地图模型与图库一体化研究[D];长安大学;2011年
，本文编号：2332128
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