GT-2A航空重力数据处理方法研究
发布时间：2018-11-23 16:51
【摘要】：本文介绍了航空重力测量的基本原理和数据处理方法,研究了重力扰动信号提取中FIR、IIR低通滤波器和Kalman滤波器的设计方法,以及重力扰动向下延拓的泊松积分迭代法、逆泊松积分FFT法和直接代表法。利用GT-2A航空重力测量系统在平原和山区的观测数据以及测区内的地面重力数据,对设计的重力扰动信号提取方法予以验证,对重力扰动向下延拓方法进行比较,对GT-2A航空重力系统的测量精度予以评价。本文的主要研究内容及成果如下:1)在系统阐述航空重力测量基本原理和数据处理方法的基础上,重点研究了 FIR、IIR和Kalman滤波器的设计方法,介绍了重力扰动向下延拓的泊松积分迭代法、逆泊松积分FFT法和直接代表法。针对GT-2A航空重力测量数据,设计了一套重力扰动信号提取和精度评定的方法。2)实现了窗函数法设计的FIR低通滤波器、巴特沃斯和切比雪夫逼近设计的IIR低通滤波器、基于Kalman滤波原理设计的向前滤波、向后平滑算法。将各滤波器解算的重力扰动结果分别与GT型航空重力测量系统配套商用软件GTGRAV的解算结果进行比较,对其差值进行统计。结果表明海明窗函数设计的FIR低通滤波器在重力扰动信号提取中表现得最稳定,解算结果最接近于软件处理结果,两者的差值标准差为±1.25 mGal。3)利用航线交叉点数据和重复测线数据评定GT-2A测量系统的内符合精度。测线网平差前由交叉点数据评定的内符合精度为1.39 mGal,测线网平差后评定的内符合精度为0.88 mGal;利用重复测线数据评定的内符合精度为0.85 mGal。结果表明GT-2A测量系统的内符合精度优于1 mGal。4)分别基于泊松积分迭代法、逆泊松积分FFT法和直接代表法实现了重力扰动的向下延拓。将GT-2A测量得到的航线上的重力扰动向下延拓到地面重力观测点上与地面重力数据比较,评定GT-2A测量系统的外符合精度。结果表明,在选取最佳滤波参数时,逆泊松积分FFT法的延拓结果精度最高、适用性最好。平坦地区测量结果的外符合精度为1.46mGal;山区4000m高程面上测量结果的外符合精度为3.17mGal,4500m高程面上测量结果的外符合精度为3.36mGal。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces the basic principle and data processing method of airborne gravimetry, studies the design method of FIR,IIR low-pass filter and Kalman filter in gravity disturbance signal extraction, and the Poisson integral iterative method for downward continuation of gravity disturbance. Inverse Poisson integral FFT method and direct representation method. Based on the data of GT-2A aerial gravity measurement system in plain and mountain area and the ground gravity data in the measured area, the method of extracting gravity disturbance signal is verified, and the downward continuation method of gravity disturbance is compared. The measurement accuracy of GT-2A airborne gravity system is evaluated. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1) on the basis of systematically expounding the basic principles and data processing methods of airborne gravimetry, the design methods of FIR,IIR and Kalman filters are emphatically studied. The Poisson integral iterative method, inverse Poisson integral FFT method and direct representation method for downward continuation of gravity disturbance are introduced. For the airborne gravity measurement data of GT-2A, a set of methods for extracting gravity disturbance signal and evaluating the accuracy are designed. 2) the FIR low-pass filter designed by window function method and the IIR low-pass filter designed by Butterworth and Chebyshev approximation are implemented. Forward filtering and backward smoothing algorithm based on Kalman filtering principle. The results of gravity disturbance calculated by each filter are compared with those of the commercial software GTGRAV of GT type airborne gravity measurement system, and the difference between them is statistically analyzed. The results show that the FIR low-pass filter designed by the hamming window function is the most stable in the gravity disturbance signal extraction, and the solution is the closest to the software processing result. The standard deviation of the difference between them is 卤1. 25 mGal.3). The accuracy of the GT-2A measurement system is evaluated by using the route intersection data and the repeated line data. Accuracy of Internal coincidence evaluated by intersection data before Survey Network Adjustment is 1. 39 mGal, Internal coincidence accuracy is 0. 88 mGal; using repeated Line data to evaluate Internal coincidence accuracy of 0. 85 mGal. The results show that the accuracy of internal coincidence of GT-2A measurement system is better than 1 mGal.4. The downward continuation of gravity disturbance is realized based on Poisson integral iterative method, inverse Poisson integral FFT method and direct representation method, respectively. The gravity disturbance obtained from the GT-2A survey is extended downward to the ground gravity observation point and compared with the ground gravity data to evaluate the external coincidence accuracy of the GT-2A measurement system. The results show that the inverse Poisson integral FFT method has the highest accuracy and the best applicability when the optimal filtering parameters are selected. The external coincidence accuracy of the measured results in the flat area is 1.46mGaland in the mountain area on the 4000m elevation plane is 3.17mGal-4500m, and the external coincidence accuracy on the 4500m elevation plane is 3.36mGal.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P223.4
本文编号：2352131
[Abstract]:This paper introduces the basic principle and data processing method of airborne gravimetry, studies the design method of FIR,IIR low-pass filter and Kalman filter in gravity disturbance signal extraction, and the Poisson integral iterative method for downward continuation of gravity disturbance. Inverse Poisson integral FFT method and direct representation method. Based on the data of GT-2A aerial gravity measurement system in plain and mountain area and the ground gravity data in the measured area, the method of extracting gravity disturbance signal is verified, and the downward continuation method of gravity disturbance is compared. The measurement accuracy of GT-2A airborne gravity system is evaluated. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1) on the basis of systematically expounding the basic principles and data processing methods of airborne gravimetry, the design methods of FIR,IIR and Kalman filters are emphatically studied. The Poisson integral iterative method, inverse Poisson integral FFT method and direct representation method for downward continuation of gravity disturbance are introduced. For the airborne gravity measurement data of GT-2A, a set of methods for extracting gravity disturbance signal and evaluating the accuracy are designed. 2) the FIR low-pass filter designed by window function method and the IIR low-pass filter designed by Butterworth and Chebyshev approximation are implemented. Forward filtering and backward smoothing algorithm based on Kalman filtering principle. The results of gravity disturbance calculated by each filter are compared with those of the commercial software GTGRAV of GT type airborne gravity measurement system, and the difference between them is statistically analyzed. The results show that the FIR low-pass filter designed by the hamming window function is the most stable in the gravity disturbance signal extraction, and the solution is the closest to the software processing result. The standard deviation of the difference between them is 卤1. 25 mGal.3). The accuracy of the GT-2A measurement system is evaluated by using the route intersection data and the repeated line data. Accuracy of Internal coincidence evaluated by intersection data before Survey Network Adjustment is 1. 39 mGal, Internal coincidence accuracy is 0. 88 mGal; using repeated Line data to evaluate Internal coincidence accuracy of 0. 85 mGal. The results show that the accuracy of internal coincidence of GT-2A measurement system is better than 1 mGal.4. The downward continuation of gravity disturbance is realized based on Poisson integral iterative method, inverse Poisson integral FFT method and direct representation method, respectively. The gravity disturbance obtained from the GT-2A survey is extended downward to the ground gravity observation point and compared with the ground gravity data to evaluate the external coincidence accuracy of the GT-2A measurement system. The results show that the inverse Poisson integral FFT method has the highest accuracy and the best applicability when the optimal filtering parameters are selected. The external coincidence accuracy of the measured results in the flat area is 1.46mGaland in the mountain area on the 4000m elevation plane is 3.17mGal-4500m, and the external coincidence accuracy on the 4500m elevation plane is 3.36mGal.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P223.4
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