基于GIS的公共停车场选址分析

发布时间：2018-12-14 10:03

【摘要】：随着我国经济的高速发展,城市规模越来越大,城市机动车数量也高速增长,各种城市道路交通问题也随之出现,解决以上问题的一个重要手段就是建立城市社会公共停车场,而我国大部分城市现有的城市社会公共停车场存在很多问题,主要表现在：布局不合理、规模小、车位少等方面,目前我国大多城市只能提供机动车保有量的三分之一的停车位。路外公共停车场是为从事各种活动的出行者提供公共服务的停车场所,它的服务对象广,影响也最大。因此扩建和新建城市公共停车场是解决停车难问题的重要手段。因此扩建现有或新建公共停车场显得尤为必要。合理社会公共停车场布局在缓解交通拥挤、提高居民生活水平、合理利用土地规划、构建和谐城市环境等方面有着重要意义。随着GIS的发展,城市GIS应用于当前经济建设的诸多方面,但GIS应用于城市社会公共停车场选址尚少被提及。本文在前人进行的相关研究的基础上,介绍了影响公共停车场选址的因素,几种传统的公共停车场选址模型,同时也介绍GIS的基本原理及其应用。对比得出传统选址方法的不足以及GIS应用与公共停车场选址的优点。本文将GIS多准决策分析与公共停车场选址结合起来,提出了基于层次分析法(AHP)的GIS多准决策分析选址模型。同时提出了到功能区内所有兴趣点最短路径距离之和为最小的选址模型。以湖北省松滋市的有关数据为例,设计了选址的AHP模型,并利用ARCGIS10.0软件,综合运用GIS网络分析法、缓冲区分析法、叠加分析法,实现了公共停车场选址影响因子的客观选取以及综合权重的赋值。并通过人口密度和用地性质对松滋市泊位需求进行了评估。实验输出结果与泊位评估进行对比,验证了技术方案的可行性。同时通过实验也发现了先前提出模型的部分不足,并提出改进方案。 GIS应用于公共停车场选址有着传统选址方法不可比拟的优势,本文的研究结论主要验证结合GIS对公共停车场进行选址的可行性及科学性,为今后的规划提供可供借鉴的技术思路和方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy, the scale of cities is getting larger and larger, the number of urban motor vehicles has also increased rapidly, and various urban road traffic problems have appeared. An important means to solve the above problems is to establish a public parking lot in urban society. However, there are many problems in the existing urban public parking lots in most cities in China, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: unreasonable layout, small scale, few parking spaces, etc. At present, most cities in China can only provide 1/3 parking spaces for motor vehicles. The off-road public car park is a parking place which provides public services for travelers engaged in various activities. Therefore, the expansion and construction of urban public parking is an important means to solve the parking problem. So the expansion of the existing or new public car park is particularly necessary. The rational layout of public parking lot in society is of great significance in alleviating traffic congestion, improving the living standard of residents, making rational use of land planning, and constructing a harmonious urban environment. With the development of GIS, urban GIS is applied to many aspects of current economic construction, but the application of GIS in urban public parking lot location is seldom mentioned. Based on the previous studies, this paper introduces the factors that affect the location of public car park, several traditional public parking location models, and the basic principle and application of GIS. The disadvantages of traditional location method and the advantages of GIS application and public car park location are compared. This paper combines GIS multi-quasi-decision analysis with public parking lot location, and puts forward the GIS multi-quasi-decision analysis location model based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP). At the same time, a location model with the minimum sum of the shortest path distance to all points of interest in the functional area is proposed. Taking the relevant data of Songzi City in Hubei Province as an example, the AHP model of site selection is designed, and the GIS network analysis method, buffer analysis method and superposition analysis method are used comprehensively by using ARCGIS10.0 software. The objective selection of influencing factors and the assignment of comprehensive weights are realized. The demand for berths in Songzi City was evaluated by population density and the nature of land use. The experimental results are compared with the berth evaluation, and the feasibility of the technical scheme is verified. At the same time, some deficiencies of the proposed model are found through experiments, and an improved scheme is put forward. The application of GIS in public car park location has unparalleled advantages compared with the traditional location method. The conclusion of this paper mainly verifies the feasibility and scientific nature of the public parking lot location based on GIS. For the future planning can be used for reference technical ideas and schemes.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;U491.71

【参考文献】