地面三维激光点云数据质量分析与评价
发布时间：2018-12-15 16:04
【摘要】：地面三维激光扫描技术是测量领域中近几年发展起来的一项高新技术,它具有主动性、快速性、精度高、非接触、数字化、自动化等特点，因而有着广泛的应用领域。 地面三维激光扫描技术应用的关键是获得物体表面的点云数据，然后对点云数据按照一定的方法进行处理，得到最终成果。点云数据的质量是是测量结果有效性和准确性的基础，也是最终结果最重要的前提和保障，它是测绘及其它行业研究的一个重要内容。本文主要包含了三维激光扫描技术在国内外的应用及研究进展情况，地面三维激光技术的原理及误差分析、点云数据质量分析以及目标反射强度信息对扫描结果的影响及其应用等内容 本文分别从仪器、外界环境以及反射面三个方面研究了地面三维激光扫描仪误差，，分析了仪器测距、测角部分以及气象条件对扫描仪的影响；通过实验探讨了扫描距离、目标颜色以及目标边缘效应对扫描结果的影响；根据地面三维激光扫描仪的原理及徕卡ScanStation2的仪器参数计算了在扫描距离为50m时的理论精度，并通过和全站仪的对比实验获取了扫描仪在实际应用中的精度；分析了目标反射强度对扫描结果的影响，用一定方法从获取的点云数据中从中分离出目标的反射强度信息，并利用模糊C均值聚类的方法将目标反射强度数据用于点云数据的分割、去噪以及标靶中心点位计算。
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional laser scanning technology is a new technology developed in the field of measurement in recent years. It has the characteristics of initiative, rapidity, high precision, non-contact, digitization, automation and so on, so it has a wide range of applications. The key to the application of 3D laser scanning is to obtain the point cloud data on the surface of the object, and then process the point cloud data according to a certain method, and get the final results. The quality of point cloud data is the basis for the validity and accuracy of the measurement results and the most important premise and guarantee of the final results. It is an important content of surveying and mapping and other industries. This paper mainly includes the application and research progress of 3D laser scanning technology at home and abroad, the principle and error analysis of 3D laser technology on the ground. The quality analysis of point cloud data and the effect of target reflection intensity information on scanning results and its application are discussed in this paper. The errors of 3D laser scanner are studied from three aspects: instrument, external environment and reflector. The influence of instrument ranging, angle measurement and meteorological conditions on the scanner is analyzed. The effects of scanning distance, target color and edge effect on the scanning results are discussed experimentally. According to the principle of 3D laser scanner on the ground and the instrument parameters of Leica ScanStation2, the theoretical accuracy is calculated when the scanning distance is 50 m, and the accuracy of the scanner in practical application is obtained by comparing with the total station instrument. The effect of target reflection intensity on scanning results is analyzed, and the target reflection intensity information is separated from the obtained point cloud data by a certain method. Using fuzzy C-means clustering method, the target reflectance intensity data are used for point cloud data segmentation, denoising and target center point calculation.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P225.2
本文编号：2380931
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional laser scanning technology is a new technology developed in the field of measurement in recent years. It has the characteristics of initiative, rapidity, high precision, non-contact, digitization, automation and so on, so it has a wide range of applications. The key to the application of 3D laser scanning is to obtain the point cloud data on the surface of the object, and then process the point cloud data according to a certain method, and get the final results. The quality of point cloud data is the basis for the validity and accuracy of the measurement results and the most important premise and guarantee of the final results. It is an important content of surveying and mapping and other industries. This paper mainly includes the application and research progress of 3D laser scanning technology at home and abroad, the principle and error analysis of 3D laser technology on the ground. The quality analysis of point cloud data and the effect of target reflection intensity information on scanning results and its application are discussed in this paper. The errors of 3D laser scanner are studied from three aspects: instrument, external environment and reflector. The influence of instrument ranging, angle measurement and meteorological conditions on the scanner is analyzed. The effects of scanning distance, target color and edge effect on the scanning results are discussed experimentally. According to the principle of 3D laser scanner on the ground and the instrument parameters of Leica ScanStation2, the theoretical accuracy is calculated when the scanning distance is 50 m, and the accuracy of the scanner in practical application is obtained by comparing with the total station instrument. The effect of target reflection intensity on scanning results is analyzed, and the target reflection intensity information is separated from the obtained point cloud data by a certain method. Using fuzzy C-means clustering method, the target reflectance intensity data are used for point cloud data segmentation, denoising and target center point calculation.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P225.2
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 柳方明;张洪彪;李俊利;;面向地形构建的点云孔洞修补[J];电子世界;2015年23期
相关会议论文 前1条
1 罗辉林;田陆;易定明;;转炉炉衬激光测厚自动定位方法的设计研究[A];“第十届中国钢铁年会”暨“第六届宝钢学术年会”论文集[C];2015年
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 张靖;基于克里金算法的点云数据插值研究[D];长安大学;2014年
2 张维强;地面三维激光扫描技术及其在古建筑测绘中的应用研究[D];长安大学;2014年
3 王琳琳;三维激光扫描技术在古建筑测绘中的应用与问题分析[D];长春工程学院;2015年
本文编号：2380931
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